Arsenal's longest-running and deepest rivalry is with their nearest major neighbours, Tottenham Hotspur; matches between the two are referred to as North London derbies. Other rivalries within London include those with Chelsea, Fulham and West Ham United. In addition, Arsenal and Manchester United developed a strong on-pitch rivalry in the late 1980s, which intensified in recent years when both clubs were competing for the Premier League title – so much so that a 2003 online poll by the Football Fans Census listed Manchester United as Arsenal's biggest rivals, followed by Tottenham and Chelsea. A 2008 poll listed the Tottenham rivalry as more important.

What football club is Arsenal's greatest rival?

Tottenham Hotspur

Since the Arsenal and Tottenham Hotspurs are geographically so close , what is the contest between them called?

North London derbies

What club has Arsenal have an increased rivalry since the 1980s?

Manchester United

What competition sparked the rivalry with Manchester?

Premier League title

What year's poll of supporters said that the Tottenham rivalry was greatest?

Who is Chelsea's biggest rivalry with?

I'm not sure.

A 2008 poll showed which team is West Ham United's biggest rival?

I'm not sure.

According to a 2003 online poll who is Fulham's biggest rival club?

I'm not sure.

In what year was West Ham United founded?

I'm not sure.

What are matches between Chelsea and Manchester United called?

I'm not sure.


The largest shareholder on the Arsenal board is American sports tycoon Stan Kroenke. Kroenke first launched a bid for the club in April 2007, and faced competition for shares from Red and White Securities, which acquired its first shares off David Dein in August 2007. Red & White Securities was co-owned by Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov and Iranian London-based financier Farhad Moshiri, though Usmanov bought Moshiri's stake in 2016. Kroenke came close to the 30% takeover threshold in November 2009, when he increased his holding to 18,594 shares (29.9%). In April 2011, Kroenke achieved a full takeover by purchasing the shareholdings of Nina Bracewell-Smith and Danny Fiszman, taking his shareholding to 62.89%. As of June 2015, Kroenke owns 41,698 shares (67.02%) and Red & White Securities own 18,695 shares (30.04%). Ivan Gazidis has been the club's Chief Executive since 2009.

What individual is the biggest shareholder on the Arsenal board?

Stan Kroenke

What percentage of shares in Arsenal did Kroenke own by 2011?

Who is Arsenal's Chief Executive?

Ivan Gazidis

Who is Kroenke's chief competitor for Arsenal stock?

Red & White Securities

In what year did Kreonke achieve take over of Arsenal stock?

April 2011

Who was Arsenal's chief executive prior to 2009?

I'm not sure.

How many shares did Red and White Securities own of Arsenal in 2007?

I'm not sure.

In what month and year did David Dein acquire his shares in Arsenal?

I'm not sure.

In what country was Ivan Gazidis born?

I'm not sure.

In what year did Nina Bracewell-Smith and Danny Fiszman acquire their shares of Arsenal?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal's parent company, Arsenal Holdings plc, operates as a non-quoted public limited company, whose ownership is considerably different from that of other football clubs. Only 62,217 shares in Arsenal have been issued, and they are not traded on a public exchange such as the FTSE or AIM; instead, they are traded relatively infrequently on the ICAP Securities and Derivatives Exchange, a specialist market. On 10 March 2016, a single share in Arsenal had a mid price of £15,670, which sets the club's market capitalisation value at approximately £975m. Most football clubs aren't listed on an exchange, which makes direct comparisons of their values difficult. Business magazine Forbes valued Arsenal as a whole at $1.3 billion in 2015. Consultants Brand Finance valued the club's brand and intangible assets at $703m in 2015, and consider Arsenal an AAA global brand. Research by the Henley Business School modelled the club's value at £1.118 billion in 2015, the second highest in the Premier League.

By what means does Arsenal operate as a company?

non-quoted public limited

How many shares of Arsenal stock are there?

On March 10,2016 what was the value of a share of Arsenal stock?

What value did Forbes place on Arsenal in 2015?

$1.3 billion

At what rank in value in the Premier League is Arsenal?

second highest

On what exchange are some UK clubs shares traded?

I'm not sure.

How much does Forbes estimate Arsenal's value to be as of 2017?

I'm not sure.

How much does a single share of Arsenal cost as of 1-1-2018?

I'm not sure.

What club has the highest value as of 2015 according to Henley Business School?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal's financial results for the 2014–15 season show group revenue of £344.5m, with a profit before tax of £24.7m. The footballing core of the business showed a revenue of £329.3m. The Deloitte Football Money League is a publication that homogenizes and compares clubs' annual revenue. They put Arsenal's footballing revenue at £331.3m (€435.5m), ranking Arsenal seventh among world football clubs. Arsenal and Deloitte both list the match day revenue generated by the Emirates Stadium as £100.4m, more than any other football stadium in the world.

Where does Deloitte Football Money League rank Arsenal in the world football clubs?

seventh

What value does Deloitte place on Arsenal?

What is the match day earning of Emirates Stadium?

How does Arsenal match day revenue compare with other stadium in the world?

more

What does Arsenal report a before tax profit for 2014-15?

Who ranks first in revenue for world football clubs?

I'm not sure.

How much is Emirates Stadium worth?

I'm not sure.

How much of Arsenal's profits come from their footballing core?

I'm not sure.

How much revenue did Arsenal have during the 2015-16 season?

I'm not sure.

How much profit did Arsenal have for the 2013-14 season?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal have appeared in a number of media "firsts". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match in the world to be televised live. Arsenal also featured in the first edition of the BBC's Match of the Day, which screened highlights of their match against Liverpool at Anfield on 22 August 1964. BSkyB's coverage of Arsenal's January 2010 match against Manchester United was the first live public broadcast of a sports event on 3D television.

Why was Arsenal's match on 22 Jan. 1927 at Highbury a first?

broadcast live on radio

What team did Arsenal play at the time of the radio broadcast in 1927?

Sheffield United

When was Arsenal's match the first to be televised live?

16 September 1937

To what first broadcast did Arsenal provide match highlights?

BBC's Match of the Day

In what form was Arsenal's broadcast of a 2010 match against Manchester United?

3D television

In what stadium was Arsenal playing in for the first televised game?

I'm not sure.

On what tv channel was the 16 September 1937 Arsenal exhibition game shown?

I'm not sure.

Who won the match between Arsenal and Liverpool on 22 August 1964?

I'm not sure.

Who won the match between Arsenal and Sheffield United on 22 January 1927?

I'm not sure.

In what year did BskyB televise their first Arsenal game?

I'm not sure.


As one of the most successful teams in the country, Arsenal have often featured when football is depicted in the arts in Britain. They formed the backdrop to one of the earliest football-related films, The Arsenal Stadium Mystery (1939). The film centres on a friendly match between Arsenal and an amateur side, one of whose players is poisoned while playing. Many Arsenal players appeared as themselves and manager George Allison was given a speaking part. More recently, the book Fever Pitch by Nick Hornby was an autobiographical account of Hornby's life and relationship with football and Arsenal in particular. Published in 1992, it formed part of the revival and rehabilitation of football in British society during the 1990s. The book was twice adapted for the cinema – the 1997 British film focuses on Arsenal's 1988–89 title win, and a 2005 American version features a fan of baseball's Boston Red Sox.

In what film was Arsenal FC shown?

The Arsenal Stadium Mystery

What Arsenal manager had a speaking part in the 1939 film?

George Allison

What book by Nick Hornby has twice been adapted for film?

Fever Pitch

When was Hornby's book published?

In what decade did film and literature help revive football in Britain?

What was the name of the 1997 movie about Arsenal?

I'm not sure.

What was the name of the 2005 movie about the Boston Red Sox?

I'm not sure.

Who was the lead actor in Arsenal Stadium Mystery?

I'm not sure.

What player is poisoned during the Arsenal Stadium Mystery movie?

I'm not sure.

What stadium do the Boston Red Sox play in?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal have often been stereotyped as a defensive and "boring" side, especially during the 1970s and 1980s; many comedians, such as Eric Morecambe, made jokes about this at the team's expense. The theme was repeated in the 1997 film The Full Monty, in a scene where the lead actors move in a line and raise their hands, deliberately mimicking the Arsenal defence's offside trap, in an attempt to co-ordinate their striptease routine. Another film reference to the club's defence comes in the film Plunkett & Macleane, in which two characters are named Dixon and Winterburn after Arsenal's long-serving full backs – the right-sided Lee Dixon and the left-sided Nigel Winterburn.

How have Arsenal players portrayed in media?

defensive and "boring"

In what decades were Arsenal players stereotyped in a negative way?

1970s and 1980s

What film featured a Arsenal play in  derogatory way?

The Full Monty

Which comic made numerous jokes about Arsenal players?

Eric Morecambe

What film uses characters named after Arsenal full backs?

Plunkett & Macleane

In what year did the movie Plunkett & Macleane release?

I'm not sure.

Who are two of the characters in The Full Monty?

I'm not sure.

In what year did Lee Dixon join Arsenal?

I'm not sure.

In what year was Nigel Winterburn's last game with Arsenal?

I'm not sure.

Who was Arsenal's right-sided in 1997?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup "Doubles" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.

How many League Championships has Arsenal won?

Where does Arsenal's total League Championships place it as compared to other English teams?

third highest

Of what type of trophies does Arsenal have the most?

FA Cup trophies

In what competition was Arsenal the first to enter the finals?

UEFA Champions League

What team beat Arsenal to win the 2006 UEFA Champions League?

Barcelona

What is one of the other teams that has won the FA Cup twice in succession?

I'm not sure.

How many times has Barcelona won the UEFA Champions League?

I'm not sure.

In what year was Liverpool's last League Championship?

I'm not sure.

In what year did Manchester United when its first League Championship?

I'm not sure.

Which team has the second most FA Cup trophies?

I'm not sure.


Arsenal Ladies are the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal. Founded in 1987, they turned semi-professional in 2002 and are managed by Clare Wheatley. Arsenal Ladies are the most successful team in English women's football. In the 2008–09 season, they won all three major English trophies – the FA Women's Premier League, FA Women's Cup and FA Women's Premier League Cup, and, as of 2009, were the only English side to have won the UEFA Women's Cup, having done so in the 2006–07 season as part of a unique quadruple. The men's and women's clubs are formally separate entities but have quite close ties; Arsenal Ladies are entitled to play once a season at the Emirates Stadium, though they usually play their home matches at Boreham Wood.

What is the name of the football club affiliated with Arsenal?

Arsenal Ladies

When did the Arsenal Ladies team become semi-professional?

How does Arsenal Ladies rank as compared with other English women's football teams?

most successful

By 2009 what competition has Arsenal Ladies been the only ladies team to have won?

UEFA Women's Cup

At what stadium do Arsenal Ladies usually play?

Boreham Wood.

In what year did Clare Wheatley start managing Arsenal Ladies?

I'm not sure.

In what year was Boreham Wood built?

I'm not sure.

Which team is the second most successful in English women's football?

I'm not sure.

How many times a year does Arsenal Ladies play at Boreham Wood?

I'm not sure.


Physically, clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements, and can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking. It protects the wearer from rough surfaces, rash-causing plants, insect bites, splinters, thorns and prickles by providing a barrier between the skin and the environment. Clothes can insulate against cold or hot conditions. Further, they can provide a hygienic barrier, keeping infectious and toxic materials away from the body. Clothing also provides protection from harmful UV radiation.

What can clothing provide during hazardous activities?

safety

What type of surfaces can clothing protect from?

rough

What does clothing keep toxic materials away from?

body

What can insulate against cold or hot conditions?

Clothes

What type of radiation can clothing provide some protection from?

UV

Clothing cannot protect you from what kind of activities

I'm not sure.

Psychologically what serves many purposes?

I'm not sure.

What can protect you from smooth surfaces

I'm not sure.

What offers protection for many kinds of radiation?

I'm not sure.

What helps keep you warm in hot conditions?

I'm not sure.


There is no easy way to determine when clothing was first developed, but some information has been inferred by studying lice. The body louse specifically lives in clothing, and diverge from head lice about 107,000 years ago, suggesting that clothing existed at that time. Another theory is that modern humans are the only survivors of several species of primates who may have worn clothes and that clothing may have been used as long ago as 650 thousand years ago. Other louse-based estimates put the introduction of clothing at around 42,000–72,000 BP.

What isn't it easy to determine about clothing?

when clothing was first developed

What organism has provided some information about the timeline of clothing?

lice

What habitat is the body louse specific to?

clothing

What may modern humans be the only survivor of several species of?

primates

How many thousands of years ago may have clothing been worn?

What is easy to determine about clothing?

I'm not sure.

Please have provided some information about what?

I'm not sure.

What habitat is the head louse is specific to?

I'm not sure.

Headlights diverge from body lice how long ago?

I'm not sure.

Humans are the only primates who may have what?

I'm not sure.


The most obvious function of clothing is to improve the comfort of the wearer, by protecting the wearer from the elements. In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important. Shelter usually reduces the functional need for clothing. For example, coats, hats, gloves, and other superficial layers are normally removed when entering a warm home, particularly if one is residing or sleeping there. Similarly, clothing has seasonal and regional aspects, so that thinner materials and fewer layers of clothing are generally worn in warmer seasons and regions than in colder ones.

What obvious improvement does clothing bestow upon the wearer?

comfort

In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage?

hot

What property of clothing is important in cold climates?

thermal insulation

What has seasonal and regional aspects?

clothing

What type of material tends to be worn in warmer seasons?

thinner

The least obvious improvement bestowed by clothing is what?

I'm not sure.

In cold climate clothing protects against sunburn and what?

I'm not sure.

What usually increases the functional need for clothing?

I'm not sure.

What property of clothing is important in hot climates?

I'm not sure.

More layers of clothing are generally worn when?

I'm not sure.


Clothing can and has in history been made from a very wide variety of materials. Materials have ranged from leather and furs, to woven materials, to elaborate and exotic natural and synthetic fabrics. Not all body coverings are regarded as clothing. Articles carried rather than worn (such as purses), worn on a single part of the body and easily removed (scarves), worn purely for adornment (jewelry), or those that serve a function other than protection (eyeglasses), are normally considered accessories rather than clothing, as are footwear and hats.

What variety has there been in the materials of clothing throughout history?

very wide

What is an article that is carried rather than worn that isn't regarded as clothing?

purses

Jewelry isn't considered clothing because it's usually worn purely for what reason?

adornment

What are footwear and hats both considered?

accessories

What is an example of something that serves a function other than protection?

eyeglasses

There has been little variety in materials used for what?

I'm not sure.

All what is regarded as clothing?

I'm not sure.

What article of clothing is carried rather than worn?

I'm not sure.

Jewelry is usually consider clothing because his worn for what reason?

I'm not sure.

Footwear and hats are consider clothing rather than what?

I'm not sure.


Clothing protects against many things that might injure the uncovered human body. Clothes protect people from the elements, including rain, snow, wind, and other weather, as well as from the sun. However, clothing that is too sheer, thin, small, tight, etc., offers less protection. Clothes also reduce risk during activities such as work or sport. Some clothing protects from specific environmental hazards, such as insects, noxious chemicals, weather, weapons, and contact with abrasive substances. Conversely, clothing may protect the environment from the clothing wearer, as with doctors wearing medical scrubs.

What does clothing protect from things which may injure it?

the uncovered human body

Rain, snow, and wind are what class of things clothing protects the wearer from?

elements

Clothing that is too sheer will offer less what?

protection

What type of hazard is noxious chemicals?

environmental

What type of clothing do doctors wear to protect their surroundings?

medical scrubs

Clothing does not protect the wearer from what elements?

I'm not sure.

Clothing that is sheer will offer more what?

I'm not sure.

Noxious chemicals are not what kind of hazard?

I'm not sure.

What do doctors were to protect themselves from their surroundings?

I'm not sure.


Humans have shown extreme inventiveness in devising clothing solutions to environmental hazards. Examples include: space suits, air conditioned clothing, armor, diving suits, swimsuits, bee-keeper gear, motorcycle leathers, high-visibility clothing, and other pieces of protective clothing. Meanwhile, the distinction between clothing and protective equipment is not always clear-cut—since clothes designed to be fashionable often have protective value and clothes designed for function often consider fashion in their design. Wearing clothes also has social implications. They cover parts of the body that social norms require to be covered, act as a form of adornment, and serve other social purposes.

What animal has shown extreme inventiveness in the clothing it has devised?

Humans

What are space suits an example of a solution to?

environmental hazards

What type of implication might a certain type of clothing have?

social

What value may clothing designed to be fashionable also have?

protective

Why are some parts of the body covered?

social norms

Humans have shown little inventiveness in what?

I'm not sure.

What does not have social implications

I'm not sure.

What do social norms not require of clothes?

I'm not sure.

The distinction between clothing and what is always clear?

I'm not sure.

Clothing that is designed to be fashionable is not also what

I'm not sure.


Although dissertations on clothing and its function appear from the 19th century as colonising countries dealt with new environments, concerted scientific research into psycho-social, physiological and other functions of clothing (e.g. protective, cartage) occurred in the first half of the 20th century, with publications such as J. C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes in 1930, and Newburgh's seminal Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing in 1949. By 1968, the field of environmental physiology had advanced and expanded significantly, but the science of clothing in relation to environmental physiology had changed little. While considerable research has since occurred and the knowledge-base has grown significantly, the main concepts remain unchanged, and indeed Newburgh's book is still cited by contemporary authors, including those attempting to develop thermoregulatory models of clothing development.

What century do dissertation on clothing first appear from?

What year was J. C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes published?

Whose book entitled Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing was published in 1949?

Newburgh's

How much had the science of clothing in relation to environmental factors changed by 1968?

little

What have remained unchanged while the knowledge has grown?

the main concepts

What led to the first dissertation on clothing in the eighteenth century

I'm not sure.

Who published psychology of close in 1920?

I'm not sure.

What field is not spending significantly since 1968?

I'm not sure.

The science of clothing in relation to what changed a lot by 1968?

I'm not sure.

Considerable research has been done changing what?

I'm not sure.


In Western societies, skirts, dresses and high-heeled shoes are usually seen as women's clothing, while neckties are usually seen as men's clothing. Trousers were once seen as exclusively male clothing, but are nowadays worn by both genders. Male clothes are often more practical (that is, they can function well under a wide variety of situations), but a wider range of clothing styles are available for females. Males are typically allowed to bare their chests in a greater variety of public places. It is generally acceptable for a woman to wear traditionally male clothing, while the converse is unusual.

What is an example of clothing that was once seen as exclusively for males?

Trousers

What gender's clothing is often more practical?

Male

What can males typically bare in more places?

their chests

What would be unlikely to raise eyebrows if a woman were to wear it?

male clothing

What is a common opinion about men wearing women's clothing?

unusual

What clothing is exclusively for males?

I'm not sure.

Female clothing is often more what?

I'm not sure.

Males are typically not allowed to show what in public places

I'm not sure.

It is generally not acceptable for women to wear what?

I'm not sure.

In Western society skirts dresses and neckties are typically seen as what?

I'm not sure.


In some societies, clothing may be used to indicate rank or status. In ancient Rome, for example, only senators could wear garments dyed with Tyrian purple. In traditional Hawaiian society, only high-ranking chiefs could wear feather cloaks and palaoa, or carved whale teeth. Under the Travancore Kingdom of Kerala, (India), lower caste women had to pay a tax for the right to cover their upper body. In China, before establishment of the republic, only the emperor could wear yellow. History provides many examples of elaborate sumptuary laws that regulated what people could wear. In societies without such laws, which includes most modern societies, social status is instead signaled by the purchase of rare or luxury items that are limited by cost to those with wealth or status. In addition, peer pressure influences clothing choice.

Who was allowed to wear gamrents dyed with Tyrian purple in ancient Rome?

senators

Who was allowed to wear feather cloaks and palaoa in old school Hawaiian society?

high-ranking chiefs

What right were lower caste women required to pay a tax to acquire?

the right to cover their upper body

What country once only allowed their emperor to wear yellow?

China

What can peer pressure influence?

clothing choice

Who is not allowed to wear garments dyed purple in ancient Rome

I'm not sure.

What is not used to indicate rancor status?

I'm not sure.

In one country could the Emperor not wear yellow?

I'm not sure.

what kind of laws do not regulate what people could wear

I'm not sure.


According to archaeologists and anthropologists, the earliest clothing likely consisted of fur, leather, leaves, or grass that were draped, wrapped, or tied around the body. Knowledge of such clothing remains inferential, since clothing materials deteriorate quickly compared to stone, bone, shell and metal artifacts. Archeologists have identified very early sewing needles of bone and ivory from about 30,000 BC, found near Kostenki, Russia in 1988. Dyed flax fibers that could have been used in clothing have been found in a prehistoric cave in the Republic of Georgia that date back to 36,000 BP.

How was the earliest clothing kept on the body?

tied around

What does clothing materials do more quickly compared to stone and bone?

deteriorate

Who has identified needles from about 30,000 B.C.?

Archeologists

Where have flax fibers which may have been used in clothing found?

a prehistoric cave

What dates back to 36,000 BP?

Dyed flax fibers

The earliest clothing was pinned to what?

I'm not sure.

Clothing material deteriorates slowly compared to what?

I'm not sure.

Where have we not yet found flax fibers

I'm not sure.

Archaeologists have found early metal needles from when?

I'm not sure.


Scientists are still debating when people started wearing clothes. Ralf Kittler, Manfred Kayser and Mark Stoneking, anthropologists at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, have conducted a genetic analysis of human body lice that suggests clothing originated quite recently, around 170,000 years ago. Body lice is an indicator of clothes-wearing, since most humans have sparse body hair, and lice thus require human clothing to survive. Their research suggests the invention of clothing may have coincided with the northward migration of modern Homo sapiens away from the warm climate of Africa, thought to have begun between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago. However, a second group of researchers using similar genetic methods estimate that clothing originated around 540,000 years ago (Reed et al. 2004. PLoS Biology 2(11): e340). For now, the date of the origin of clothing remains unresolved.[citation needed]

What group of people debate when humans stated wearing clothes?

Scientists

What type of analysis has been conducted on human body lice?

genetic

What do lice require human clothing to do?

survive

What may have the invention of clothing happened with?

northward migration

What about the origin of clothing remains unanswered?

the date

Scientists are in agreement about when people begin to do what?

I'm not sure.

What type of analysis has been done on headlights?

I'm not sure.

Body lice require hair to what?

I'm not sure.

Southward migration coincided with what?

I'm not sure.

Most humans have lots of hair hair which leads to what?

I'm not sure.


Different cultures have evolved various ways of creating clothes out of cloth. One approach simply involves draping the cloth. Many people wore, and still wear, garments consisting of rectangles of cloth wrapped to fit – for example, the dhoti for men and the sari for women in the Indian subcontinent, the Scottish kilt or the Javanese sarong. The clothes may simply be tied up, as is the case of the first two garments; or pins or belts hold the garments in place, as in the case of the latter two. The precious cloth remains uncut, and people of various sizes or the same person at different sizes can wear the garment.

Various cultures have come up with ways of making clothes from what?

cloth

Many people still wear clothes that are what shape?

rectangles

What nationality wears kilts?

Scottish

Pins or belts hold what in place?

garments

What precious material may remain uncut?

cloth

Different cultures have evolved various ways of making whatever for?

I'm not sure.

Few people still wear garments made of what?

I'm not sure.

Pins are used to hold up what Indian governments

I'm not sure.

With Scottish garment is tied?

I'm not sure.

What are the disadvantage of making clothes from a single rectangular cloth?

I'm not sure.


By the early years of the 21st century, western clothing styles had, to some extent, become international styles. This process began hundreds of years earlier, during the periods of European colonialism. The process of cultural dissemination has perpetuated over the centuries as Western media corporations have penetrated markets throughout the world, spreading Western culture and styles. Fast fashion clothing has also become a global phenomenon. These garments are less expensive, mass-produced Western clothing. Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations.

What had somewhat became an international style by the early 21st century?

western clothing styles

Cultural dissemination has continued over the what?

centuries

What have Western corporations penetrated?

markets throughout the world

Who has been spreading Western culture and styles?

Western media corporations

Who donates discard Western clothing to people in poor places?

charity organizations

Eastern clothing styles have become international styles by what century?

I'm not sure.

This process ended with what?

I'm not sure.

Easter media corporations have spread what?

I'm not sure.

Eastern close are also delivered to poor people by who?

I'm not sure.

What type of garment is more expensive and mass-produced?

I'm not sure.


Most sports and physical activities are practiced wearing special clothing, for practical, comfort or safety reasons. Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers. Specialized garments include wet suits (for swimming, diving or surfing), salopettes (for skiing) and leotards (for gymnastics). Also, spandex materials are often used as base layers to soak up sweat. Spandex is also preferable for active sports that require form fitting garments, such as volleyball, wrestling, track & field, dance, gymnastics and swimming.

Safety reasons may be why someone wears this type of clothing.

special

Leotards are an example of what type of garment?

sportswear

What does spandex soak up?

sweat

What's an example of a form fitting garment?

Spandex

What type of sport is wrestling considered?

active

What physical activities do not require special clothing?

I'm not sure.

What the spandex not soak up?

I'm not sure.

What are not common sports governments

I'm not sure.


The world of clothing is always changing, as new cultural influences meet technological innovations. Researchers in scientific labs have been developing prototypes for fabrics that can serve functional purposes well beyond their traditional roles, for example, clothes that can automatically adjust their temperature, repel bullets, project images, and generate electricity. Some practical advances already available to consumers are bullet-resistant garments made with kevlar and stain-resistant fabrics that are coated with chemical mixtures that reduce the absorption of liquids.

Changes keep happening because new cultural stuff meets these type of innovations.

technological

What have researchers in science labs been making?

prototypes

What elementary force can some specialized fabrics generate?

electricity

What can garments made with kevlar resist?

bullets

Stain-resistant fabrics are coated with chemicals to reduce what?

absorption of liquids

Why is clothing slow to change?

I'm not sure.

Scientists are developing what they can serve either a functional purpose for a traditional

I'm not sure.

Some less practical

I'm not sure.

Stain resistant fabrics absorb what?

I'm not sure.


Though mechanization transformed most aspects of human industry by the mid-20th century, garment workers have continued to labor under challenging conditions that demand repetitive manual labor. Mass-produced clothing is often made in what are considered by some to be sweatshops, typified by long work hours, lack of benefits, and lack of worker representation. While most examples of such conditions are found in developing countries, clothes made in industrialized nations may also be manufactured similarly, often staffed by undocumented immigrants.[citation needed]

What type of conditions do many garment works endure?

challenging

What type of clothing is frequently the product of sweatshops?

Mass-produced

What is a feature of sweatshops beyond lack of benefits and representation?

long work hours

Poor conditions found in developing countries may also be found in what type of nations?

industrialized

What type of immigrant often staff sweatshops?

undocumented

What workers enjoy good conditions?

I'm not sure.

What requires varied manual labor?

I'm not sure.

Here my clothing is often produced in what?

I'm not sure.

Most examples of what are found in industrial countries?

I'm not sure.

What transformed most industry by the 1800s?

I'm not sure.


Outsourcing production to low wage countries like Bangladesh, China, India and Sri Lanka became possible when the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was abolished. The MFA, which placed quotas on textiles imports, was deemed a protectionist measure.[citation needed] Globalization is often quoted as the single most contributing factor to the poor working conditions of garment workers. Although many countries recognize treaties like the International Labor Organization, which attempt to set standards for worker safety and rights, many countries have made exceptions to certain parts of the treaties or failed to thoroughly enforce them. India for example has not ratified sections 87 and 92 of the treaty.[citation needed]

The abolishing of the MFA made what possible?

Outsourcing production to low wage countries

What did the MFA put quotas on?

textiles imports

What is often identified as the reason for less than ideal working conditions for garment workers?

Globalization

What treaty tries to set standards for worker safety and rights?

the International Labor Organization

What country has failed to ratify sections 87 and 92 of the ILO?

India

Abolishing what stopped outsourcing to low-wage countries?

I'm not sure.

The MFA stop quotas on what?

I'm not sure.

Wh what is often quoted is contributing to improved working conditions?

I'm not sure.

What treaty lowered standards for worker safety rights?

I'm not sure.

India has ratified all sections of what treaty?

I'm not sure.


The use of animal fur in clothing dates to prehistoric times. It is currently associated in developed countries with expensive, designer clothing, although fur is still used by indigenous people in arctic zones and higher elevations for its warmth and protection. Once uncontroversial, it has recently been the focus of campaigns on the grounds that campaigners consider it cruel and unnecessary. PETA, along with other animal rights and animal liberation groups have called attention to fur farming and other practices they consider cruel.

What have humans used for clothing since prehistoric times?

animal fur

Indigenous people in what zones use fur for warmth and protection?

arctic

Using animal fur as clothing was once considered what?

uncontroversial

Who considers animal fur to be cruel and unnecessary?

campaigners

What's the four letter name of an animal liberation group?

PETA

What has not been used for clothing since prehistoric times?

I'm not sure.

Indigenous people in the tropics use for for what?

I'm not sure.

Using what for clothing has always been controversial?

I'm not sure.

Who consider animal first to be necessary

I'm not sure.


Many kinds of clothing are designed to be ironed before they are worn to remove wrinkles. Most modern formal and semi-formal clothing is in this category (for example, dress shirts and suits). Ironed clothes are believed to look clean, fresh, and neat. Much contemporary casual clothing is made of knit materials that do not readily wrinkle, and do not require ironing. Some clothing is permanent press, having been treated with a coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) that suppresses wrinkles and creates a smooth appearance without ironing.

What's the point of ironing clothing?

to remove wrinkles

What type of clothing is believed to look neat, fresh and clean?

Ironed

What material doesn't easily wrinkle?

knit

Permanent press materials have been treated with what?

a coating

What does polytetrafluoroethylene suppress?

wrinkles

Many what are designed to be ironed?

I'm not sure.

What material wrinkles easily?

I'm not sure.

What type of closing encourages wrinkles?

I'm not sure.

It does not suppress wrinkles?

I'm not sure.

Doing what creates a rough appearance without ironing?

I'm not sure.


A resin used for making non-wrinkle shirts releases formaldehyde, which could cause contact dermatitis for some people; no disclosure requirements exist, and in 2008 the U.S. Government Accountability Office tested formaldehyde in clothing and found that generally the highest levels were in non-wrinkle shirts and pants. In 1999, a study of the effect of washing on the formaldehyde levels found that after 6 months after washing, 7 of 27 shirts had levels in excess of 75 ppm, which is a safe limit for direct skin exposure.

What releases formaldehyde?

A resin

What can cause contact dermatitis for some people?

formaldehyde

What government office found high levels of formaldehyde in non-wrinkle clothing in 2008?

Accountability

How many months of washing did a 1999 study look at?

How many ppm is a safe limit for direct skin exposure to formaldehyde?

Non-wrinkle shirts do not contain what?

I'm not sure.

What does not cause contact dermatitis?

I'm not sure.

Disclosure agreements exist for what?

I'm not sure.

It was found that the lowest levels of formaldehyde were found in what?

I'm not sure.

Seventy-five ppm of formaldehyde is not a safe limit for what?

I'm not sure.


In past times, mending was an art. A meticulous tailor or seamstress could mend rips with thread raveled from hems and seam edges so skillfully that the tear was practically invisible. When the raw material – cloth – was worth more than labor, it made sense to expend labor in saving it. Today clothing is considered a consumable item. Mass-manufactured clothing is less expensive than the labor required to repair it. Many people buy a new piece of clothing rather than spend time mending. The thrifty still replace zippers and buttons and sew up ripped hems.

What used to be considered an art, back in the day?

mending

What could an accomplished tailor or seamstress skillfully render almost invisible?

tear

Why did it make sense to spend time fixing cloth?

worth more than labor

What is clothing considered today?

a consumable item

What type of person is likely to replace zippers and buttons?

thrifty

What is still considered an art today?

I'm not sure.

A mediocre tail or seamstress could make it so what?

I'm not sure.

When cloth was worth less than the labor it made sense to do what?

I'm not sure.

What is not considered a consumable item today?

I'm not sure.

What is more expensive than the labor required to repair it?

I'm not sure.


The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts.

What American professional baseball team is located on the North side of Chicago, IL?

The Chicago Cubs

What league are the Chicago Cubs in?

the National League

Where do the Chicago Cubs play their home games?

Wrigley Field

Who currently owns the  Chicago Cubs?

Joe Ricketts


The team played its first games in 1876 as a founding member of the National League (NL), eventually becoming known officially as the Chicago Cubs for the 1903 season. Officially, the Cubs are tied for the distinction of being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club, along with the Atlanta Braves, which also began play in the NL in 1876 as the Boston Red Stockings (Major League Baseball does not officially recognize the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players as a major league.)

When did the Chicago Cubs play their first game?

What year did the Chicago Cubs' name become official?

1903 season

What other team besides the Chicago Cubs is tied for being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club?

Atlanta Braves


In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the "Lovable Losers" because of this distinction. They are also known as "The North Siders" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.

What year did the cubs record a Major League record of 116 wins?

What is the winning percentage the Cubs posted that still stands today?

Who was the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?

The Cubs

How many world series have the Cubs appeared in?

seven


The Cubs began play as the Chicago White Stockings, joining the National League (NL) as a charter member. Owner William Hulbert signed multiple star players, such as pitcher Albert Spalding and infielders Ross Barnes, Deacon White, and Adrian "Cap" Anson, to join the team prior to the N.L.'s first season. The White Stockings played their home games at West Side Grounds,against the bloods and quickly established themselves as one of the new league's top teams. Spalding won forty-seven games and Barnes led the league in hitting at .429 as Chicago won the first ever National League pennant, which at the time was the game's top prize.

Who did the Cubs began play as?

the Chicago White Stockings

When the Cubs started playing, who was their owner?

William Hulbert

Where did the White Stockings play their home games?

West Side Grounds


After back-to-back pennants in 1880 and 1881, Hulbert died, and Spalding, who had retired to start Spalding sporting goods, assumed ownership of the club. The White Stockings, with Anson acting as player/manager, captured their third consecutive pennant in 1882, and Anson established himself as the game's first true superstar. In 1885 and '86, after winning N.L. pennants, the White Stockings met the short-lived American Association champion in that era's version of a World Series. Both seasons resulted in match ups with the St. Louis Brown Stockings, with the clubs tying in 1885 and with St. Louis winning in 1886. This was the genesis of what would eventually become one of the greatest rivalries in sports. In all, the Anson-led Chicago Base Ball Club won six National League pennants between 1876 and 1886. As a result, Chicago's club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had become known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes "Anson's Colts", referring to Cap's influence within the club. Anson was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits. After a disappointing record of 59-73 and a 9th-place finish in 1897, Anson was released by the Cubs as both a player and manager. Due to Anson's absence from the club after 22 years, local newspaper reporters started to refer to the Cubs as the "Orphans".

Who assumed ownership of the Cubs after Hulbert died?

Spalding

What year did the White Stockings capture their third consecutive pennant?

While Anson led the Chicago cubs how many National League pennants did they win?

six

What did the Chicago Cubs become know as by 1890?

Chicago Colts

Who was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits?

Anson


In 1902, Spalding, who by this time had revamped the roster to boast what would soon be one of the best teams of the early century, sold the club to Jim Hart. The franchise was nicknamed the Cubs by the Chicago Daily News in 1902, although not officially becoming the Chicago Cubs until the 1907 season. During this period, which has become known as baseball's dead-ball era, Cub infielders Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and Frank Chance were made famous as a double-play combination by Franklin P. Adams' poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon. The poem first appeared in the July 18, 1910 edition of the New York Evening Mail. Mordecai "Three-Finger" Brown, Jack Taylor, Ed Reulbach, Jack Pfiester, and Orval Overall were several key pitchers for the Cubs during this time period. With Chance acting as player-manager from 1905 to 1912, the Cubs won four pennants and two World Series titles over a five-year span. Although they fell to the "Hitless Wonders" White Sox in the 1906 World Series, the Cubs recorded a record 116 victories and the best winning percentage (.763) in Major League history. With mostly the same roster, Chicago won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League club to play three times in the Fall Classic and the first to win it twice. However, the Cubs have not won a World Series since; this remains the longest championship drought in North American professional sports.

Who did Spalding sell the Cubs to in 1902?

Jim Hart

Who nicknamed the franchise the Cubs in 1902?

Chicago Daily News

Who wrote the poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon?

Franklin P. Adams

Who holds the longest championship drought in North American professional sports?

the Cubs


In 1914, advertising executive Albert Lasker obtained a large block of the club's shares and before the 1916 season assumed majority ownership of the franchise. Lasker brought in a wealthy partner, Charles Weeghman, the proprietor of a popular chain of lunch counters who had previously owned the Chicago Whales of the short-lived Federal League. As principal owners, the pair moved the club from the West Side Grounds to the much newer Weeghman Park, which had been constructed for the Whales only two years earlier, where they remain to this day. The Cubs responded by winning a pennant in the war-shortened season of 1918, where they played a part in another team's curse: the Boston Red Sox defeated Grover Cleveland Alexander's Cubs four games to two in the 1918 World Series, Boston's last Series championship until 2004.

Who obtained a large block of the Cub's shares in 1914?

Albert Lasker

Who assumed majority ownership of the Cubs franchise by the 1916 season?

Albert Lasker

Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs?

Charles Weeghman

Where did the Cubs move to after leaving the West Side Grounds?

Weeghman Park


Near the end of the first decade of the double-Bills' guidance, the Cubs won the NL pennant in 1929 and then achieved the unusual feat of winning a pennant every three years, following up the 1929 flag with league titles in 1932, 1935, and 1938. Unfortunately, their success did not extend to the Fall Classic, as they fell to their AL rivals each time. The '32 series against the Yankees featured Babe Ruth's "called shot" at Wrigley Field in Game 3. There were some historic moments for the Cubs as well; In 1930, Hack Wilson, one of the top home run hitters in the game, had one of the most impressive seasons in MLB history, hitting 56 home runs and establishing the current runs-batted-in record of 191. That 1930 club, which boasted six eventual Hall of Famers (Wilson, Gabby Hartnett, Rogers Hornsby, George "High Pockets" Kelly, Kiki Cuyler and manager Joe McCarthy) established the current team batting average record of .309. In 1935 the Cubs claimed the pennant in thrilling fashion, winning a record 21 games in a row in September. The '38 club saw Dizzy Dean lead the team's pitching staff and provided a historic moment when they won a crucial late-season game at Wrigley Field over the Pittsburgh Pirates with a walk-off home run by Gabby Hartnett, which became known in baseball lore as "The Homer in the Gloamin'".

What year did Hack Wilson have one of the most impressive seasons in MLB history?

How many games in a row did the Cubs win in a row during 1935?

What year did the Cubs win the NL pennant?


The Cubs enjoyed one more pennant at the close of World War II, finishing 98–56. Due to the wartime travel restrictions, the first three games of the 1945 World Series were played in Detroit, where the Cubs won two games, including a one-hitter by Claude Passeau, and the final four were played at Wrigley. In Game 4 of the Series, the Curse of the Billy Goat was allegedly laid upon the Cubs when P.K. Wrigley ejected Billy Sianis, who had come to Game 4 with two box seat tickets, one for him and one for his goat. They paraded around for a few innings, but Wrigley demanded the goat leave the park due to its unpleasant odor. Upon his ejection, Mr. Sianis uttered, "The Cubs, they ain't gonna win no more." The Cubs lost Game 4, lost the Series, and have not been back since. It has also been said by many that Sianis put a "curse" on the Cubs, apparently preventing the team from playing in the World Series. After losing the 1945 World Series to the Detroit Tigers, the Cubs finished with winning seasons the next two years, but those teams did not enter post-season play.

Why were the first three games of the 1945 World Series played in Detroit?

wartime travel restrictions

Where were the final four games of the 1945 World Series played?

Wrigley

In what game was the Curse of the Billy Goat allegedly laid upon the Cubs?

Game 4 of the Series

What was ejected from Wrigley park because of it's bad odor?

goat


In the following two decades after Sianis' ill will, the Cubs played mostly forgettable baseball, finishing among the worst teams in the National League on an almost annual basis. Longtime infielder/manager Phil Cavarretta, who had been a key player during the '45 season, was fired during spring training in 1954 after admitting the team was unlikely to finish above fifth place. Although shortstop Ernie Banks would become one of the star players in the league during the next decade, finding help for him proved a difficult task, as quality players such as Hank Sauer were few and far between. This, combined with poor ownership decisions such as the College of Coaches, and the ill-fated trade of future Hall of Famer Lou Brock to the Cardinals for pitcher Ernie Broglio (who won only 7 games over the next three seasons), hampered on-field performance.

Who had been a key player in the 1945 season?

Phil Cavarretta

What season was Phil Cavarretta a key player for the Cubs?

the '45 season

Who was fired during spring training in 1954 after admitting the Cubs were unlikely to finish above fifth place?

Phil Cavarretta


In 1969 the Cubs, managed by Leo Durocher, built a substantial lead in the newly created National League Eastern Division by mid-August. Ken Holtzman pitched a no-hitter on August 19, and the division lead grew to 8 1⁄2 games over the St. Louis Cardinals and by 9 1⁄2 games over the New York Mets. After the game of September 2, the Cubs record was 84-52 with the Mets in second place at 77-55. But then a losing streak began just as a Mets winning streak was beginning. The Cubs lost the final game of a series at Cincinnati, then came home to play the resurgent Pittsburgh Pirates (who would finish in third place). After losing the first two games by scores of 9-2 and 13-4, the Cubs led going into the ninth inning. A win would be a positive springboard since the Cubs were to play a crucial series with the Mets the very next day. But Willie Stargell drilled a 2-out, 2-strike pitch from the Cubs' ace reliever, Phil Regan, onto Sheffield Avenue to tie the score in the top of the ninth. The Cubs would lose 7-5 in extra innings. Burdened by a four-game losing streak, the Cubs traveled to Shea Stadium for a short two-game set. The Mets won both games, and the Cubs left New York with a record of 84-58 just 1⁄2 game in front. Disaster followed in Philadelphia, as a 99 loss Phillies team nonetheless defeated the Cubs twice, to extend Chicago's losing streak to eight games. In a key play in the second game, on September 11, Cubs starter Dick Selma threw a surprise pickoff attempt to third baseman Ron Santo, who was nowhere near the bag or the ball. Selma's throwing error opened the gates to a Phillies rally. After that second Philly loss, the Cubs were 84-60 and the Mets had pulled ahead at 85-57. The Mets would not look back. The Cubs' eight-game losing streak finally ended the next day in St. Louis, but the Mets were in the midst of a ten-game winning streak, and the Cubs, wilting from team fatigue, generally deteriorated in all phases of the game. The Mets (who had lost a record 120 games 7 years earlier), would go on to win the World Series. The Cubs, despite a respectable 92-70 record, would be remembered for having lost a remarkable 17½ games in the standings to the Mets in the last quarter of the season.

Who managed the Cubs in 1969?

Leo Durocher

The Cubs built a substantial lead in what league under management of Leo Durocher?

National League Eastern Division

When did Ken Hoitzman pitch a no-hitter?

August 19

Who threw a surprise pickoff attempt to third baseman Ron Santo?

Dick Selma


Following the '69 season, the club posted winning records for the next few seasons, but no playoff action. After the core players of those teams started to move on, the 70s got worse for the team, and they became known as "The Loveable Losers." In 1977, the team found some life, but ultimately experienced one of its biggest collapses. The Cubs hit a high-water mark on June 28 at 47–22, boasting an 8 1⁄2 game NL East lead, as they were led by Bobby Murcer (27 Hr/89 RBI), and Rick Reuschel (20–10). However, the Philadelphia Phillies cut the lead to two by the All-star break, as the Cubs sat 19 games over .500, but they swooned late in the season, going 20–40 after July 31. The Cubs finished in 4th place at 81–81, while Philadelphia surged, finishing with 101 wins. The following two seasons also saw the Cubs get off to a fast start, as the team rallied to over 10 games above .500 well into both seasons, only to again wear down and play poorly later on, and ultimately settling back to mediocrity. This trait became known as the "June Swoon." Again, the Cubs' unusually high number of day games is often pointed to as one reason for the team's inconsistent late season play.

During what decade did the Cubs become known as "The Loveable Losers"?

the 70s

What is often pointed to as the one reason for the Cubs' inconsistent late season play?

unusually high number of day games

What year did the Cubs experience one of their biggest collapses?


After over a dozen more subpar seasons, in 1981 the Cubs hired GM Dallas Green from Philadelphia to turn around the franchise. Green had managed the 1980 Phillies to the World Series title. One of his early GM moves brought in a young Phillies minor-league 3rd baseman named Ryne Sandberg, along with Larry Bowa for Iván DeJesús. The 1983 Cubs had finished 71–91 under Lee Elia, who was fired before the season ended by Green. Green continued the culture of change and overhauled the Cubs roster, front-office and coaching staff prior to 1984. Jim Frey was hired to manage the 1984 Cubs, with Don Zimmer coaching 3rd base and Billy Connors serving as pitching coach.

What year did the Cubs hire GM Dallas Green?

Where was GM Dallas Green from?

Philadelphia

What team had Dallas Green managed in 1980?

Phillies


Green shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions. In December, 1983 Scott Sanderson was acquired from Montreal in a three-team deal with San Diego for Carmelo Martínez. Pinch hitter Richie Hebner (.333 BA in 1984) was signed as a free-agent. In spring training, moves continued: LF Gary Matthews and CF Bobby Dernier came from Philadelphia on March 26, for Bill Campbell and a minor leaguer. Reliever Tim Stoddard (10–6 3.82, 7 saves) was acquired the same day for a minor leaguer; veteran pitcher Ferguson Jenkins was released.

Who shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions?

Green

When was Scott Sanderson acquired from Montreal?

December, 1983

When did LF Gary Matthews and CF Bobby Dernier come from Philadelphia to the Cubs?

March 26


The team's commitment to contend was complete when Green made a midseason deal on June 15 to shore up the starting rotation due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson. The deal brought 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher Rick Sutcliffe from the Cleveland Indians. Joe Carter (who was with the Triple-A Iowa Cubs at the time) and center fielder Mel Hall were sent to Cleveland for Sutcliffe and back-up catcher Ron Hassey (.333 with Cubs in 1984). Sutcliffe (5–5 with the Indians) immediately joined Sanderson (8–5 3.14), Eckersley (10–8 3.03), Steve Trout (13–7 3.41) and Dick Ruthven (6–10 5.04) in the starting rotation. Sutcliffe proceeded to go 16–1 for Cubs and capture the Cy Young Award.

When did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?

June 15

Why did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?

due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson

Who was the 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher?

Rick Sutcliffe

Where had Rick Sutcliffe been before moving to the Cubs?

the Cleveland Indians


The shift in the Cubs' fortunes was characterized June 23 on the "NBC Saturday Game of the Week" contest against the St. Louis Cardinals. it has since been dubbed simply "The Sandberg Game." With the nation watching and Wrigley Field packed, Sandberg emerged as a superstar with not one, but two game-tying home runs against Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter. With his shots in the 9th and 10th innings Wrigley Field erupted and Sandberg set the stage for a comeback win that cemented the Cubs as the team to beat in the East. No one would catch them, except the Padres in the playoffs.

What contest shift the Cubs' Fortunes?

NBC Saturday Game of the Week

What had the contest between the Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals been dubbed as?

The Sandberg Game

How many game-tying home runs did Sandberg get against the Cardinals at the Sandber Game?

two


In 1984, each league had two divisions, East and West. The divisional winners met in a best-of-5 series to advance to the World Series, in a "2–3" format, first two games were played at the home of the team who did not have home field advantage. Then the last three games were played at the home of the team, with home field advantage. Thus the first two games were played at Wrigley Field and the next three at the home of their opponents, San Diego. A common and unfounded myth is that since Wrigley Field did not have lights at that time the National League decided to give the home field advantage to the winner of the NL West. In fact, home field advantage had rotated between the winners of the East and West since 1969 when the league expanded. In even numbered years, the NL West had home field advantage. In odd numbered years, the NL East had home field advantage. Since the NL East winners had had home field advantage in 1983, the NL West winners were entitled to it.

In what year did the league have two divisions?

The division winners met in what kind of series to advance to the World Series?

best-of-5 series

Where were the first two games of the 1984 division winners held?

Wrigley Field


The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights. Rumor was the Cubs could hold home games across town at Comiskey Park, home of the American League's Chicago White Sox. Rather than hold any games in the cross town rival Sox Park, the Cubs made arrangements with the August A. Busch, owner of the St. Louis Cardinals, to use Busch Stadium in St. Louis as the Cubs "home field" for the World Series. This was approved by Major League Baseball and would have enabled the Cubs to host games 1 and 2, along with games 6 and 7 if necessary. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd numbered years the AL had home field advantage. Even numbered years the NL had home field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage.

Why did the cubs need to host their home games at an alternative site?

Wrigley Field did not yet have lights

Where was it rumored that the Cubs could home their home games?

Comiskey Park

Comiskey Park was the home to what team?

Chicago White Sox

Who had the home field advantage in 1983?

Baltimore Orioles


In the NLCS, the Cubs easily won the first two games at Wrigley Field against the San Diego Padres. The Padres were the winners of the Western Division with Steve Garvey, Tony Gwynn, Eric Show, Goose Gossage and Alan Wiggins. With wins of 13–0 and 4–2, the Cubs needed to win only one game of the next three in San Diego to make it to the World Series. After being beaten in Game 3 7–1, the Cubs lost Game 4 when Smith, with the game tied 5–5, allowed a game-winning home run to Garvey in the bottom of the ninth inning. In Game 5 the Cubs took a 3–0 lead into the 6th inning, and a 3–2 lead into the seventh with Sutcliffe (who won the Cy Young Award that year) still on the mound. Then, Leon Durham had a sharp grounder go under his glove. This critical error helped the Padres win the game 6–3, with a 4-run 7th inning and keep Chicago out of the 1984 World Series against the Detroit Tigers. The loss ended a spectacular season for the Cubs, one that brought alive a slumbering franchise and made the Cubs relevant for a whole new generation of Cubs fans.

Who easily won the first two games in the NLCS?

, the Cubs

Where did the Cubs easily win the first two games of the NLCS?

Wrigley Field

Who did the cubs play against in the first two games of the NLCS?

San Diego Padres


In 1989, the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field, Don Zimmer's Cubs were led by a core group of veterans in Ryne Sandberg, Rick Sutcliffe and Andre Dawson, who were boosted by a crop of youngsters such as Mark Grace, Shawon Dunston, Greg Maddux, Rookie of the Year Jerome Walton, and Rookie of the Year Runner-Up Dwight Smith. The Cubs won the NL East once again that season winning 93 games. This time the Cubs met the San Francisco Giants in the NLCS. After splitting the first two games at home, the Cubs headed to the Bay Area, where despite holding a lead at some point in each of the next three games, bullpen meltdowns and managerial blunders ultimately led to three straight losses. The Cubs couldn't overcome the efforts of Will Clark, whose home run off Maddux, just after a managerial visit to the mound, led Maddux to think Clark knew what pitch was coming. Afterward, Maddux would speak into his glove during any mound conversation, beginning what is a norm today. Mark Grace was 11–17 in the series with 8 RBI. Eventually, the Giants lost to the "Bash Brothers" and the Oakland A's in the famous "Earthquake Series."

What year was the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field?

Who was rookie of the year in 1989?

Jerome Walton

Who was rookie of the year Runner-Up in 1989?

Dwight Smith

Who did the Cubs meet in the NLCS during 1989?

San Francisco Giants


The '98 season would begin on a somber note with the death of legendary broadcaster Harry Caray. After the retirement of Sandberg and the trade of Dunston, the Cubs had holes to fill and the signing of Henry Rodríguez, known affectionately as "H-Rod" to bat cleanup provided protection for Sammy Sosa in the lineup, as Rodriguez slugged 31 round-trippers in his first season in Chicago. Kevin Tapani led the club with a career high 19 wins, Rod Beck anchored a strong bullpen and Mark Grace turned in one of his best seasons. The Cubs were swamped by media attention in 1998, and the team's two biggest headliners were Sosa and rookie flamethrower Kerry Wood. Wood's signature performance was one-hitting the Houston Astros, a game in which he tied the major league record of 20 strikeouts in nine innings. His torrid strikeout numbers earned Wood the nickname "Kid K," and ultimately earned him the 1998 NL Rookie of the Year award. Sosa caught fire in June, hitting a major league record 20 home runs in the month, and his home run race with Cardinals slugger Mark McGwire transformed the pair into international superstars in a matter of weeks. McGwire finished the season with a new major league record of 70 home runs, but Sosa's .308 average and 66 homers earned him the National League MVP Award. After a down-to-the-wire Wild Card chase with the San Francisco Giants, Chicago and San Francisco ended the regular season tied, and thus squared off in a one-game playoff at Wrigley Field in which third baseman Gary Gaetti hit the eventual game winning homer. The win propelled the Cubs into the postseason once again with a 90–73 regular season tally. Unfortunately, the bats went cold in October, as manager Jim Riggleman's club batted .183 and scored only four runs en route to being swept by Atlanta. On a positive note, the home run chase between Sosa, McGwire and Ken Griffey, Jr. helped professional baseball to bring in a new crop of fans as well as bringing back some fans who had been disillusioned by the 1994 strike. The Cubs retained many players who experienced career years in '98, and after a fast start in 1999, they collapsed again (starting with being swept at the hands of the cross-town White Sox in mid-June) and finished in the bottom of the division for the next two seasons.

What legendary broadcaster died in the '98 season?

Harry Caray

Who was affectionately known as "H-Rod"?

Henry Rodríguez

How many round-trippers did Rodriguez slug in his first season in Chicago?


Despite losing fan favorite Grace to free agency, and the lack of production from newcomer Todd Hundley, skipper Don Baylor's Cubs put together a good season in 2001. The season started with Mack Newton being brought in to preach "positive thinking." One of the biggest stories of the season transpired as the club made a midseason deal for Fred McGriff, which was drawn out for nearly a month as McGriff debated waiving his no-trade clause, as the Cubs led the wild card race by 2.5 games in early September. That run died when Preston Wilson hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon, which halted the team's momentum. The team was unable to make another serious charge, and finished at 88–74, five games behind both Houston and St. Louis, who tied for first. Sosa had perhaps his finest season and Jon Lieber led the staff with a 20 win season.

Who put together a good season for the Cubs in 2001?

Don Baylor

Who was brought in to preach "positive thinking"?

Mack Newton

Who hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon?

Preston Wilson


The Cubs had high expectations in 2002, but the squad played poorly. On July 5, 2002 the Cubs promoted assistant general manager and player personnel director Jim Hendry to the General Manager position. The club responded by hiring Dusty Baker and by making some major moves in '03. Most notably, they traded with the Pittsburgh Pirates for outfielder Kenny Lofton and third baseman Aramis Ramírez, and rode dominant pitching, led by Kerry Wood and Mark Prior, as the Cubs led the division down the stretch.

When did the Cubs promote assistant general manager and player personnel director Jim Hendry?

July 5, 2002

What was Jim Hendry promoted to?

the General Manager position

Who did the Cubs hire in response to Jim Hendry's promotion?

Dusty Baker


After losing an extra-inning game in Game 1, the Cubs rallied and took a 3 games to 1 lead over the Wild Card Florida Marlins in the NLCS. Florida shut the Cubs out in Game 5, but young pitcher Mark Prior led the Cubs in Game 6 as they took a 3–0 lead into the 8th inning and it was at this point when a now-infamous incident took place. Several spectators attempted to catch a foul ball off the bat of Luis Castillo. A Chicago Cubs fan by the name of Steve Bartman, of Northbrook, Illinois, reached for the ball and deflected it away from the glove of Moisés Alou for the second out of the 8th inning. Alou reacted angrily toward the stands, and after the game stated that he would have caught the ball. Alou at one point recanted, saying he would not have been able to make the play, but later said this was just an attempt to make Bartman feel better and believing the whole incident should be forgotten. Interference was not called on the play, as the ball was ruled to be on the spectator side of the wall. Castillo was eventually walked by Prior. Two batters later, and to the chagrin of the packed stadium, Cubs shortstop Alex Gonzalez misplayed an inning ending double play, loading the bases and leading to eight Florida runs and a Marlin victory. Despite sending Kerry Wood to the mound and holding a lead twice, the Cubs ultimately dropped Game 7, and failed to reach the World Series.

In what game did Florida shut the Cubs out?

Game 5

What pitcher led the Cubs in Game 6?

Mark Prior

Who hit the foul ball that several spectators attempted to catch?

Luis Castillo


In 2004, the Cubs were a consensus pick by most media outlets to win the World Series. The offseason acquisition of Derek Lee (who was acquired in a trade with Florida for Hee-seop Choi) and the return of Greg Maddux only bolstered these expectation. Despite a mid-season deal for Nomar Garciaparra, misfortune struck the Cubs again. They led the Wild Card by 1.5 games over San Francisco and Houston on September 25, and both of those teams lost that day, giving the Cubs a chance at increasing the lead to a commanding 2.5 games with only eight games remaining in the season, but reliever LaTroy Hawkins blew a save to the Mets, and the Cubs lost the game in extra innings, a defeat that seemingly deflated the team, as they proceeded to drop 6 of their last 8 games as the Astros won the Wild Card.

What year did most media outlets pick the Cubs to win the World Series?

Who was acquired in a trade with Florida for Hee-seop Choi?

Derek Lee

Who was the mid-season deal for?

Nomar Garciaparra


Despite the fact that the Cubs had won 89 games, this fallout was decidedly unlovable, as the Cubs traded superstar Sammy Sosa after he had left the season's final game early and then lied about it publicly. Already a controversial figure in the clubhouse after his corked-bat incident, Sammy's actions alienated much of his once strong fan base as well as the few teammates still on good terms with him, (many teammates grew tired of Sosa playing loud salsa music in the locker room) and possibly tarnished his place in Cubs' lore for years to come. The disappointing season also saw fans start to become frustrated with the constant injuries to ace pitchers Mark Prior and Kerry Wood. Additionally, the '04 season led to the departure of popular commentator Steve Stone, who had become increasingly critical of management during broadcasts and was verbally attacked by reliever Kent Mercker. Things were no better in 2005, despite a career year from first baseman Derrek Lee and the emergence of closer Ryan Dempster. The club struggled and suffered more key injuries, only managing to win 79 games after being picked by many to be a serious contender for the N.L. pennant. In 2006, bottom fell out as the Cubs finished 66–96, last in the NL Central.

Who did the Cubs trade after leaving the final game early and lieing about it?

Sammy Sosa

Who was a controversial figure due to a corked-bat incident?

Sammy Sosa

What popular commentator left during the '04 season?

Steve Stone

Who verbally attacked Steve Stone?

Kent Mercker


After finishing last in the NL Central with 66 wins in 2006, the Cubs re-tooled and went from "worst to first" in 2007. In the offseason they signed Alfonso Soriano to a contract at 8 years for $136 million, and replaced manager Dusty Baker with fiery veteran manager Lou Piniella. After a rough start, which included a brawl between Michael Barrett and Carlos Zambrano, the Cubs overcame the Milwaukee Brewers, who had led the division for most of the season, with winning streaks in June and July, coupled with a pair of dramatic, late-inning wins against the Reds, and ultimately clinched the NL Central with a record of 85–77. The Cubs traded Barrett to the Padres, and later acquired Jason Kendall from Oakland. Kendall was highly successful with his management of the pitching rotation and helped at the plate as well. By September, Geovany Soto became the full-time starter behind the plate, replacing the veteran Kendall. They met Arizona in the NLDS, but controversy followed as Piniella, in a move that has since come under scrutiny, pulled Carlos Zambrano after the sixth inning of a pitcher's duel with D-Backs ace Brandon Webb, to "....save Zambrano for (a potential) Game 4." The Cubs, however, were unable to come through, losing the first game and eventually stranding over 30 baserunners in a 3-game Arizona sweep.

How many wins did the Cubs finish the NL Central with in 2006?

Who was signed to a contract at 8 years for $136 million?

Alfonso Soriano

Who replaced Dusty Baker as the Cubs manager?

Lou Piniella


The Cubs successfully defended their National League Central title in 2008, going to the postseason in consecutive years for the first time since 1906–08. The offseason was dominated by three months of unsuccessful trade talks with the Orioles involving 2B Brian Roberts, as well as the signing of Chunichi Dragons star Kosuke Fukudome. The team recorded their 10,000th win in April, while establishing an early division lead. Reed Johnson and Jim Edmonds were added early on and Rich Harden was acquired from the Oakland Athletics in early July. The Cubs headed into the All-Star break with the N.L.'s best record, and tied the league record with eight representatives to the All-Star game, including catcher Geovany Soto, who was named Rookie of the Year. The Cubs took control of the division by sweeping a four-game series in Milwaukee. On September 14, in a game moved to Miller Park due to Hurricane Ike, Zambrano pitched a no-hitter against the Astros, and six days later the team clinched by beating St. Louis at Wrigley. The club ended the season with a 97–64 record and met Los Angeles in the NLDS. The heavily favored Cubs took an early lead in Game 1, but James Loney's grand slam off Ryan Dempster changed the series' momentum. Chicago committed numerous critical errors and were outscored 20–6 in a Dodger sweep, which provided yet another sudden ending.

What  Chunichi Dragons  start was signed to the Cubs in 2008?

Kosuke Fukudome

Who was acquired from the Oakland Athletics in early July?

Rich Harden

Who was named Rookie of the Year in 2008?

Geovany Soto

Who pitched a no-hitter against the Astros on Spetember 14th?

Zambrano


The Ricketts family acquired a majority interest in the Cubs in 2009, ending the Tribune years. Apparently handcuffed by the Tribune's bankruptcy and the sale of the club to the Ricketts family, the Cubs' quest for a NL Central 3-peat started with notice that there would be less invested into contracts than in previous years. Chicago engaged St. Louis in a see-saw battle for first place into August 2009, but the Cardinals played to a torrid 20–6 pace that month, designating their rivals to battle in the Wild Card race, from which they were eliminated in the season's final week. The Cubs were plagued by injuries in 2009, and were only able to field their Opening Day starting lineup three times the entire season. Third baseman Aramis Ramírez injured his throwing shoulder in an early May game against the Milwaukee Brewers, sidelining him until early July and forcing journeyman players like Mike Fontenot and Aaron Miles into more prominent roles. Additionally, key players like Derrek Lee (who still managed to hit .306 with 35 HR and 111 RBI that season), Alfonso Soriano and Geovany Soto also nursed nagging injuries. The Cubs posted a winning record (83–78) for the third consecutive season, the first time the club had done so since 1972, and a new era of ownership under the Ricketts' family was approved by MLB owners in early October.

When did the Ricketts family acquire a majority interest in the Cubs?

Who did Chicago engage in a see-saw battle for first place into August 2009?

St. Louis

What plagued the Cubs in 2009?

injuries


Rookie Starlin Castro debuted in early May (2010) as the starting shortstop. However, the club played poorly in the early season, finding themselves 10 games under .500 at the end of June. In addition, long-time ace Carlos Zambrano was pulled from a game against the White Sox on June 25 after a tirade and shoving match with Derrek Lee, and was suspended indefinitely by Jim Hendry, who called the conduct "unacceptable." On August 22, Lou Piniella, who had already announced his retirement at the end of the season, announced that he would leave the Cubs prematurely to take care of his sick mother. Mike Quade took over as the interim manager for the final 37 games of the year. Despite being well out of playoff contention the Cubs went 24–13 under Quade, the best record in baseball during that 37 game stretch, earning Quade to have the interim tag removed on October 19.

Who debuted as the starting shortstop in early May 2010?

Starlin Castro

When did Starlin Castro debut as the starting shortstop?

early May (2010)

Who announced on August 22nd they were leaving the Cubs prematurely?

Lou Piniella

Why did Lou Piniella leave the cubs prematurely?

take care of his sick mother


Despite trading for pitcher Matt Garza and signing free-agent slugger Carlos Peña, the Cubs finished the 2011 season 20 games under .500 with a record of 71-91. Weeks after the season came to an end, the club was rejuvenated in the form of a new philosophy, as new owner Tom Ricketts signed Theo Epstein away from the Boston Red Sox, naming him club President and giving him a five-year contract worth over $18 million, and subsequently discharged manager Mike Quade. Epstein, a proponent of sabremetrics and one of the architects of two world series titles in Boston brought along Jed Hoyer to fill the role of GM and hired Dale Sveum as manager. Although the team had a dismal 2012 season, losing 101 games (the worst record since 1966) it was largely expected. The youth movement ushered in by Epstein and Hoyer began as longtime fan favorite Kerry Wood retired in May, followed by Ryan Dempster and Geovany Soto being traded to Texas at the All-Star break for a group of minor league prospects headlined by Christian Villanueva. The development of Castro, Anthony Rizzo, Darwin Barney, Brett Jackson and pitcher Jeff Samardzija as well as the replenishing of the minor-league system with prospects such as Javier Baez, Albert Almora, and Jorge Soler became the primary focus of the season, a philosophy which the new management said would carry over at least through the 2013 season.

How many games under .500 did the Cubs finish the 2011 season with?

Who was the new owner of the Cubs?

Tom Ricketts

Who did the new owner of the Cubs sign from the Boston Red Sox?

Theo Epstein

How much was the contract given to Theo Epstein worth?

$18 million


The 2013 season resulted in much as the same the year before. Shortly before the trade deadline, the Cubs traded Matt Garza to the Texas Rangers for Mike Olt, C. J. Edwards, Neil Ramirez, and Justin Grimm. Three days later, the Cubs sent Alfonso Soriano to the New York Yankees for minor leaguer Corey Black. The mid season fire sale led to another last place finish in the NL Central, finishing with a record of 66-96. Although there was a five-game improvement in the record from the year before, Anthony Rizzo and Starlin Castro seemed to take steps backward in their development. On September 30, 2013, Theo Epstein made the decision to fire manager Dale Sveum after just two seasons at the helm of the Cubs. The regression of several young players was thought to be the main focus point, as the front office said Dale would not be judged based on wins and losses. In two seasons as skipper, Sveum finished with a record of 127-197.

Who did the Cubs trade to the Texas Rangers for Mike Olt, C.J. Edwards, Neil Ramirez, and Justin Grimm?

Matt Garza

Who did the Cubs send to the New York Yankees for minor leaguer Corey Black?

Alfonso Soriano

When did Theo Epstein made the decision to fire Dale Sveum?

September 30, 2013

How many seasons did Dale Sveum spend with the Cubs before getting fired?

two seasons


On November 2, 2014, the Cubs announced that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager in team history. On December 10, 2014, Maddon announced that the team had signed free agent Jon Lester to a 6-year, $155 million contract. Many other trades and acquisitions occurred during the off season. The opening day lineup for the Cubs contained five new players including rookie right fielder Jorge Soler. Rookies Kris Bryant and Addison Russell were in the starting lineup by mid-April, and rookie Kyle Schwarber was added in mid-June. The Cubs finished the 2015 season with a record of 97–65, third best in the majors. On October 7, in the 2015 National League Wild Card Game, Jake Arrieta pitched a complete game shutout and the Cubs defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates 4–0.

When did the Cubs announce that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager?

November 2, 2014

Who did the team sign on December 10, 2014 as a free agent?

Jon Lester

How much was Jon Lester's contract worth?

$155 million

What was the record the Cubs finished with during the 2015 season?


On September 23, 1908, the Cubs and New York Giants were involved in a tight pennant race. The two clubs were tied in the bottom of the ninth inning at the Polo Grounds, and N.Y. had runners on first and third and two outs when Al Bridwell singled, scoring Moose McCormick from third with the Giants' apparent winning run, but the runner on first base, rookie Fred Merkle, left the field without touching second base. As fans swarmed the field, Cub infielder Johnny Evers retrieved the ball and touched second. Since there were two outs, a forceout was called at second base, ending the inning and the game. Because of the tie the Giants and Cubs ended up tied for first place. The Giants lost the ensuing one-game playoff and the Cubs went on to the World Series.

When were the Cubs and New York Giants involved in a tight pennant race?

September 23, 1908

Who were the Cubs involved with for a tight pennant race on September 23, 1908?

New York Giants

Who was the runner on first base?

Fred Merkle


On October 1, 1932, in game three of the World Series between the Cubs and the New York Yankees, Babe Ruth allegedly stepped to the plate, pointed his finger to Wrigley Field's center field bleachers and hit a long home run to center. There is speculation as to whether the "facts" surrounding the story are true or not, but nevertheless Ruth did help the Yankees secure a World Series win that year and the home run accounted for his 15th and last home run in the post season before he retired in 1935.

When was game three of the World Series between the Cubs and the New York Yankees?

October 1, 1932

Who allegedly hit a home run to the Center?

Babe Ruth

When did Babe Ruth retire?


Hack Wilson set a record of 56 home-runs and 190 runs-batted-in in 1930, breaking Lou Gehrig's MLB record of 176 RBI. (In 1999, a long-lost extra RBI mistakenly credited to Charlie Grimm had been found by Cooperstown researcher Cliff Kachline and verified by historian Jerome Holtzman, increasing the record number to 191.) As of 2014 the record still stands, with no serious threats coming since Gehrig (184) and Hank Greenberg (183) in the same era. The closest anyone has come to the mark in the last 75 years was Manny Ramirez's 165 RBI in 1999. In addition to the RBI record, Wilson 56 home-runs stood as the National League record until 1998, when Sammy Sosa and Mark McGwire hit 66 and 70, respectively. Wilson was named "Most Useful" player that year by the Baseball Writers' Association of America, as the official N.L. Most Valuable Player Award was not awarded until the next season.

When did Hack Wilson set a record of 56 home-runs and 190 runs-batted-in?

Who Broke Lou Gehrig's MLB record of 176 RBI?

Hack Wilson

When did Manny Ramirez get his 165 RBI?

What was Wilson named by the Baseball Writer's Association of America?

"Most Useful" player


On April 25, 1976, at Dodger Stadium, father-and-son protestors ran into the outfield and tried to set fire to a U.S. flag. When Cubs outfielder Rick Monday noticed the flag on the ground and the man and boy fumbling with matches and lighter fluid, he dashed over and snatched the flag to thunderous applause. When he came up to bat in the next half-inning, he got a standing ovation from the crowd and the stadium titantron flashed the message, "RICK MONDAY... YOU MADE A GREAT PLAY..." Monday later said, "If you're going to burn the flag, don't do it around me. I've been to too many veterans' hospitals and seen too many broken bodies of guys who tried to protect it."

When did protesters run into the outfield and try to set fire to the U.S. flag?

April 25, 1976

What stadium did protesters try to burn the U.S.  flag?

Dodger Stadium

Who grabbed the flag before protesters could light it on fire?

Rick Monday


In June, 1998 Sammy Sosa exploded into the pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record. Sosa had 13 home runs entering the month, representing less than half of Mark McGwire's total. Sosa had his first of four multi-home run games that month on June 1, and went on to break Rudy York's record with 20 home runs in the month, a record that still stands. By the end of his historic month, the outfielder's 33 home runs tied him with Ken Griffey, Jr. and left him only four behind McGwire's 37. Sosa finished with 66 and won the NL MVP Award.

When did Sammy Sosa explode into pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?

Who was in pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?

Sammy Sosa

Sammy Sosa was in pursuit of beating whose home run record?

Roger Maris

What award did Sammy Sosa win?

the NL MVP Award


On April 23, 2008, against the Colorado Rockies, the Cubs recorded the 10,000th regular-season win in their franchise's history dating back to the beginning of the National League in 1876. The Cubs reached the milestone with an overall National League record of 10,000-9,465. Chicago was only the second club in Major League Baseball history to attain this milestone, the first having been the San Francisco Giants in mid-season 2005. The Cubs, however, hold the mark for victories for a team in a single city. The Chicago club's 77–77 record in the National Association (1871, 1874–1875) is not included in MLB record keeping. Post-season series are also not included in the totals. To honor the milestone, the Cubs flew an extra white flag displaying "10,000" in blue, along with the customary "W" flag.

When did the Cubs record their 10,000 regular-season win?

April 23, 2008

Who did the Cubs record their 10,000 regular-season against?

Colorado Rockies

When was the beginning of the National League?


In only his third career start, Kerry Wood struck out 20 batters against Houston on May 6, 1998. This is the franchise record and tied for the Major League record for the most strikeouts in one game by one pitcher (the only other pitcher to strike out 20 batters in a nine-inning game was Roger Clemens, who achieved it twice). The game is often considered the most dominant pitching performance of all time. Interestingly, Wood's first pitch struck home plate umpire Jerry Meals in the facemask. Wood then struck out the first five batters he faced. Wood hit one batter, Craig Biggio, and allowed one hit, a scratch single by Ricky Gutiérrez off third baseman Kevin Orie's glove. The play was nearly scored an error, which would have given Wood a no-hitter.

How many batters did Kerry Wood strike out against Houston?

When did Kerry Wood strike out 20 batters against Houston?

May 6, 1998

Kerry Wood struck out 20 batters against what team?

Houston


The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as "The Lovable Losers." The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the "Curse of the Billy Goat" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series.

When was the last time the Chicago Cubs win a World Series championship?

When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic?

What is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues?

107 seasons

The championship drought has led to the Chicago Cubs being know as what?

The Lovable Losers


On May 11, 2000, Glenallen Hill, facing Brewers starter Steve Woodard, became the first, and thus far only player, to hit a pitched ball onto the roof of a five-story residential building across Waveland Ave, beyond Wrigley Field's left field wall. The shot was estimated at well over 500 feet (150 m), but the Cubs fell to Milwaukee 12–8. No batted ball has ever hit the center field scoreboard, although the original "Slammin' Sammy", golfer Sam Snead, hit it with a golf ball in an exhibition in the 1950s. In 1948, Bill Nicholson barely missed the scoreboard when he launched a home run ball onto Sheffield Avenue and in 1959, Roberto Clemente came even closer with a home run ball hit onto Waveland Avenue. In 2001, a Sammy Sosa shot landed across Waveland and bounced a block down Kenmore Avenue. Dave Kingman hit a shot in 1979 that hit the third porch roof on the east side of Kenmore, estimated at 555 feet (169 m), and is regarded as the longest home run in Wrigley Field history. On May 26, 2015, the Cubs rookie third baseman, Kris Bryant, hit a homerun that traveled an estimated 477 feet (145 m) off the park's new videoboard in left field. Later the same year, he hit a homer that traveled 495 feet (151 m) that also ricocheted off of the videoboard On October 13, 2015, Kyle Schwarber's 438-foot home run landed on the equally new right field videoboard.

Who was the first and only player to hit a pitched ball onto the roof of a five-story building across Waveland Ave?

Glenallen Hill

When did the first and only player to hit a pitched ball onto the roof of a five-story building across Waveland Ave?

May 11, 2000

Who barely missed the scoreboard when he launched a home run ball onto Sheffield Avenue?

Bill Nicholson


Before signing a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars in 2012, the Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with the Peoria Chiefs (1985–1995 and 2004–2012). Ryne Sandberg managed the Chiefs from 2006 to 2010. In the period between those associations with the Chiefs the club had affiliations with the Dayton Dragons and Lansing Lugnuts. The Lugnuts were often affectionately referred to by Chip Caray as "Steve Stone's favorite team." The 2007 developmental contract with the Tennessee Smokies was preceded by Double A affiliations with the Orlando Cubs and West Tenn Diamond Jaxx. On September 16, 2014 the Cubs announced a move of their top Class A affiliate from Daytona in the Florida State League to Myrtle Beach in the Carolina League for the 2015 season. Two days later, on the 18th, the Cubs signed a 4-year player development contract with the South Bend Silver Hawks of the Midwest League, ending their brief relationship with the Kane County Cougars and shortly thereafter renaming the Silver Hawks the South Bend Cubs.

When did the Cubs sign a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars?

The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?

Peoria Chiefs

When did the Cubs announce a move of their top class A affiliate from Daytona to Myrtle Beach?

September 16, 2014


The Chicago White Stockings, (today's Chicago Cubs), began spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas in 1886. President Albert Spalding (founder of Spalding Sporting Goods) and player/manager Cap Anson brought their players to Hot Springs and played at the Hot Springs Baseball Grounds. The concept was for the players to have training and fitness before the start of the regular season. After the White Stockings had a successful season in 1886, winning the National League Pennant, other teams began bringing their players to "spring training".  The Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Browns, New York Yankees, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Spiders, Detroit Tigers, Pittsburgh Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, New York Highlanders, Brooklyn Dodgers and Boston Red Sox were among the early squads to arrive. Whittington Park (1894) and later Majestic Park (1909) and Fogel Field (1912) were all built in Hot Springs specifically to host Major League teams.

Who began spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas in 1886?

Chicago White Stockings

Who is the founder of Spalding Sporting Goods?

Albert Spalding

Whittington Park, Majestic Park, and Fogel Field were all built where?

Hot Springs, Arkansas


The Cubs' current spring training facility is located in Sloan Park in |Mesa, Arizona, where they play in the Cactus League. The park seats 15,000, making it Major League baseball's largest spring training facility by capacity. The Cubs annually sell out most of their games both at home and on the road. Before Sloan Park opened in 2014, the team played games at HoHoKam Park - Dwight Patterson Field from 1979. "HoHoKam" is literally translated from Native American as "those who vanished." The North Siders have called Mesa their spring home for most seasons since 1952.

Where is the Cubs' current spring  training facility located?

Sloan Park

How many seats are in the Cubs' Sloan Park training facility?

When did Sloan Park open?


In addition to Mesa, the club has held spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas (1886, 1896–1900), (1909–1910) New Orleans (1870, 1907, 1911–1912); Champaign, Illinois (1901–02, 1906); Los Angeles (1903–04, 1948–1949), Santa Monica, California (1905); French Lick, Indiana (1908, 1943–1945); Tampa, Florida (1913–1916); Pasadena, California (1917–1921); Santa Catalina Island, California (1922–1942, 1946–1947, 1950–1951); Rendezvous Park in Mesa (1952–1965); Blair Field in Long Beach, California (1966); and Scottsdale, Arizona (1967–1978).

Where is Rendezvous Park?

Mesa

Where is Blair Field?

Long Beach, California

Between what years did the club hold spring training in Scottsdale, Arizona?


The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.

Who had a majority interest in Cataline island  in 1919?

William Wrigley Jr

What did Wrigley construct on the island to house the Cubs in Spring training?

a ballpark

When did the Cubs choose to leave Catalina Island?