On March 30, 2015, it was announced that Beyoncé is a co-owner, with various other music artists, in the music streaming service Tidal. The service specialises in lossless audio and high definition music videos. Beyoncé's husband Jay Z acquired the parent company of Tidal, Aspiro, in the first quarter of 2015. Including Beyoncé and Jay-Z, sixteen artist stakeholders (such as Kanye West, Rihanna, Madonna, Chris Martin, Nicki Minaj and more) co-own Tidal, with the majority owning a 3% equity stake. The idea of having an all artist owned streaming service was created by those involved to adapt to the increased demand for streaming within the current music industry, and to rival other streaming services such as Spotify, which have been criticised for their low payout of royalties. "The challenge is to get everyone to respect music again, to recognize its value", stated Jay-Z on the release of Tidal.

When was it discovered Beyonce was a co-owner of the music service, Tidal?

March 30, 2015

The parent company of Tidal became under the ownership of whom in 2015?

Jay Z

When was it announced that Beyonce was  a co-owner in Tidal?

March 30, 2015

What kind of service is Tidal?

music streaming service

What is a criticism of other streaming services?

low payout of royalties

What music streaming system is Beyoncé part owner of?

Tidal.

What is the parent company of the music service Beyoncé owns part of?

Aspiro

Who acquired the parent company of the music service Beyoncé owns part of?

Jay Z

What music service is accused of providing low royalty amounts?

Spotify


Beyoncé and her mother introduced House of Deréon, a contemporary women's fashion line, in 2005. The concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family, the name paying tribute to Beyoncé's grandmother, Agnèz Deréon, a respected seamstress. According to Tina, the overall style of the line best reflects her and Beyoncé's taste and style. Beyoncé and her mother founded their family's company Beyond Productions, which provides the licensing and brand management for House of Deréon, and its junior collection, Deréon. House of Deréon pieces were exhibited in Destiny's Child's shows and tours, during their Destiny Fulfilled era. The collection features sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear, and are available at department and specialty stores across the US and Canada.

House of Dereon became known through Beyonce and which of Beyonce's relatives?

her mother

Beyonce's grandma's name was?

Agnèz Deréon

Beyonce's family's company name is what?

Beyond Productions

What types of garments are sold by Beyonce's clothing line?

sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear

Which two countries can you purchase Beyonce's clothing line?

US and Canada

Who partnered with Beyonce to start the clothing line, Dereon?

her mother

When did Beyonce and her mother start Dereon?

Who was the business named for in Beyonce's family?

grandmother, Agnèz Deréon

Where were items from the clothing line displayed?

in Destiny's Child's shows and tours

Who shares in the House of Deréon fashion line introduction with Beyoncé?

her mother

What is the name of the House of Deréon junior collection?

Deréon.


In 2005, Beyoncé teamed up with House of Brands, a shoe company, to produce a range of footwear for House of Deréon. In January 2008, Starwave Mobile launched Beyoncé Fashion Diva, a "high-style" mobile game with a social networking component, featuring the House of Deréon collection. In July 2009, Beyoncé and her mother launched a new junior apparel label, Sasha Fierce for Deréon, for back-to-school selling. The collection included sportswear, outerwear, handbags, footwear, eyewear, lingerie and jewelry. It was available at department stores including Macy's and Dillard's, and specialty stores Jimmy Jazz and Against All Odds. On May 27, 2010, Beyoncé teamed up with clothing store C&A to launch Deréon by Beyoncé at their stores in Brazil. The collection included tailored blazers with padded shoulders, little black dresses, embroidered tops and shirts and bandage dresses.

What type of accessory company did Beyonce partner with in 2005?

shoe

In 2010, Beyonce released Dereon to what country?

Brazil

Back-to-school shopping was introduced in what year of Beyonce's clothing line?

What did Beyonce's Fashion Diva  feature?

House of Deréon collection

What new idea did Beyonce and her mother launch in 2009?

Sasha Fierce for Deréon

When did Beyonce partner with C&A to sell fashion in Brazil?

May 27, 2010

What company did Beyoncé get together with in 2005 to add shoes to her fashions?

House of Brands

What was the name of the game put out by Starwave Mobile in 2008 that featured Beyoncé fashions?

Beyoncé Fashion Diva

What was the name of the junior fashions launched in 2009 by Beyoncé and her mother?

Sasha Fierce for Deréon

Who did Beyoncé team up with in 2010 to get her fashions into Brazil?

C&A

Sasha Fierce for Deréon fashions were sold at stores that included Macy's and what other store?

Dillard's


In October 2014, Beyoncé signed a deal to launch an activewear line of clothing with British fashion retailer Topshop. The 50-50 venture is called Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd and is scheduled to launch its first dance, fitness and sports ranges in autumn 2015. The line will launch in April 2016.

Beyonce, during October 2014, partnered with whom to produce an outdoor line of clothing?

Topshop

Beyonce and Topshops first products were to be sold in stores when?

autumn 2015

What is the new business called?

Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd

What is Beyonce's percentage of ownership in the new venture?

When will the full line appear?

April 2016

What company did Beyoncé contract with to sell clothing in England?

Topshop

What is the name of the equal partnership's fashion line between Beyoncé and the British company to come out in 2016?

Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd

What type of clothing does the British partnership with Beyoncé sell?

activewear


After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Beyoncé and Rowland founded the Survivor Foundation to provide transitional housing for victims in the Houston area, to which Beyoncé contributed an initial $250,000. The foundation has since expanded to work with other charities in the city, and also provided relief following Hurricane Ike three years later.

What national disaster caused Beyonce to create the Survivor Foundation?

Hurricane Katrina

How much cash did Beyonce put into the venture, the Survivor Foundation at startup?

What hurricane years later after Katrina did the organization provide support for?

Ike

What did Beyonce and Rowland found in 2005?

the Survivor Foundation

How much did Beyonce initially contribute to the foundation?

How has this foundation changed in recent years?

expanded to work with other charities

What foundation did Beyoncé start after Hurricane Katrina?

Survivor Foundation

How much money did Beyoncé contribute at the beginning of her Hurricane Katrina foundation?

What other hurricane did Beyoncé's foundation help with?

Hurricane Ike


Beyoncé participated in George Clooney and Wyclef Jean's Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief telethon and was named the official face of the limited edition CFDA "Fashion For Haiti" T-shirt, made by Theory which raised a total of $1 million. On March 5, 2010, Beyoncé and her mother Tina opened the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House, offering a seven-month cosmetology training course for men and women. In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with US First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied". Following the death of Osama bin Laden, Beyoncé released her cover of the Lee Greenwood song "God Bless the USA", as a charity single to help raise funds for the New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund.

Who did Beyonce participate with in the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit?

George Clooney and Wyclef Jean

Beyonce opened a cosmetology center in what location?

Brooklyn Phoenix House

After Osama Bin Laden's death, what single did Beyonce cover?

God Bless the USA

How much did the T-shirt with Beyonce's image on it make?

$1 million

What enterprise did Beyonce and her mother start on March 5, 2010?

Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House

What charity benefited from  the release of the song, God Bless the USA?

New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund

What did she participate in with George Clooney?

Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit

Which two stars did Beyoncé help with their Haiti Earthquake organization?

George Clooney and Wyclef Jean

What did Beyoncé open at the Brooklyn Phoenix House in 2010?

Beyoncé Cosmetology Center

What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover after Osama bin Laden was killed?

God Bless the USA


In December, Beyoncé along with a variety of other celebrities teamed up and produced a video campaign for "Demand A Plan", a bipartisan effort by a group of 950 US mayors and others designed to influence the federal government into rethinking its gun control laws, following the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Beyoncé became an ambassador for the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign donating her song "I Was Here" and its music video, shot in the UN, to the campaign. In 2013, it was announced that Beyoncé would work with Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini on a Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign that aims to spread female empowerment. The campaign, which aired on February 28, was set to her new music. A concert for the cause took place on June 1, 2013 in London and included other acts like Ellie Goulding, Florence and the Machine, and Rita Ora. In advance of the concert, she appeared in a campaign video released on 15 May 2013, where she, along with Cameron Diaz, John Legend and Kylie Minogue, described inspiration from their mothers, while a number of other artists celebrated personal inspiration from other women, leading to a call for submission of photos of women of viewers' inspiration from which a selection was shown at the concert. Beyoncé said about her mother Tina Knowles that her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being." With help of the crowdfunding platform Catapult, visitors of the concert could choose between several projects promoting education of women and girls. Beyoncé is also taking part in "Miss a Meal", a food-donation campaign, and supporting Goodwill charity through online charity auctions at Charitybuzz that support job creation throughout Europe and the U.S.

Which national event caused Beyonce to produce "Demand a Plan?"

Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting

What song did Beyonce contribute to the campaign?

I Was Here

Beyonce is contributing to which food-donation campaign?

Miss a Meal

On June 1 , 2013 where was the concert held for "a Chime for Change"?

London

Beyonce was speaking about whom when she said her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being."?

her mother

The Demand a Plan video campaign followed what tragic event?

Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.

What was the focus of the Gucci Chime for Change campaign?

spread female empowerment

What crowdfunding platform was used in the concert?

Catapult

What is the name of the campaign that Beyoncé and others are involved in that deals with gun control?

Demand A Plan

What school shooting prompted the creation of Demand A Plan?

Sandy Hook Elementary School

What song did Beyoncé donate to the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign?

I Was Here

Who did Beyoncé work with in 2013 on the Chime for Change campaign?

Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini


Frédéric François Chopin (/ˈʃoʊpæn/; French pronunciation: [fʁe.de.ʁik fʁɑ̃.swa ʃɔ.pɛ̃]; 22 February or 1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin,[n 1] was a Polish and French (by citizenship and birth of father) composer and a virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, who wrote primarily for the solo piano. He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation." Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland. A child prodigy, he completed his musical education and composed his earlier works in Warsaw before leaving Poland at the age of 20, less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising.

What was Frédéric's nationalities?

Polish and French

In what era was Frédéric active in?

Romantic era

For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?

solo piano

In what area was Frédéric born in?

Duchy of Warsaw

At what age did Frédéric depart from Poland?

What year was Chopin born?

What era was Chopin active during?

Romantic era

Where did Chopin grow up?

Warsaw

What instrument did he mostly compose for?

solo piano

At what age did Chopin  leave Poland?

When did Chopin die?

17 October 1849

What was Chopin's full name?

Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin

The majority of Chopin's compositions were for what instrument?

solo piano

Chopin was active during what era?

Romantic era

In what year was Chopin born?

In what city was Chopin born and raised?

Warsaw

How old was Chopin when he left Poland?

In what era of music did Chopin compose?

Romantic

What year did Chopin die?


At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis.

At what age did Frédéric move to Paris?

How many public performances was Frédéric estimated to have given during the remainder of his life?

In what year did Frédéric obtain citizenship in France?

In what area had Frédéric's most productive period of composition taken place?

Majorca

What was Frédéric's most likely cause of death?

tuberculosis

Where did he end up living when he was 21?

Paris

How many public shows did he perform during the last years of his life?

What other composer did Chopin develop a friendship with?

Franz Liszt

What year did he gain citizenship in France?

What is the name of the woman he had a relationship with from 1837-847?

Maria Wodzińska

At what age did Chopin move to Paris?

During the last 18 years he lived about how many times did Chopin perform in public?

What year did Chopin become a citizen of France?

In the last years of his life who was the person that supported him financially?

Jane Stirling

In what year did Chopin become a French citizen?

Who gave Chopin money in the last years of his life?

Jane Stirling

What was the likely cause of death for Chopin?

tuberculosis


All of Chopin's compositions include the piano. Most are for solo piano, though he also wrote two piano concertos, a few chamber pieces, and some songs to Polish lyrics. His keyboard style is highly individual and often technically demanding; his own performances were noted for their nuance and sensitivity. Chopin invented the concept of instrumental ballade. His major piano works also include mazurkas, waltzes, nocturnes, polonaises, études, impromptus, scherzos, preludes and sonatas, some published only after his death. Influences on his compositional style include Polish folk music, the classical tradition of J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert, the music of all of whom he admired, as well as the Paris salons where he was a frequent guest. His innovations in style, musical form, and harmony, and his association of music with nationalism, were influential throughout and after the late Romantic period.

What instrument did every composition by Frédéric include?

piano

What concept was Frédéric credited with creating?

instrumental ballade

Whose music did Frédéric admire the most and thus provide influence on his work?

J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert

What features marked Frédéric's performance style and made them unique?

nuance and sensitivity

What establishments did Frédéric frequently visit in Paris that influenced his career?

Paris salons

Which instrument do every one of his compositions include?

piano

What concept did Chopin create?

instrumental ballade

What are two things Chopin's performances were known for?

nuance and sensitivity

What three composers influenced Chopin's work?

J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert

Chopin wrote some music to lyrics, what language were the lyrics?

Polish

What instrument is involved in all of Chopin's work?

piano

Chopin composed several songs to lyrics of what language?

Polish

Chopin's performances were known for what?

nuance and sensitivity

What three composers did Chopin take inspiration from?

J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert

What instrument was all of Chopin's compositions written for?

piano

What language were some songs written in that Chopin wrote music for?

Polish

Of what venue was Chopin an often invited guest?

Paris salons


In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era. His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying degrees of historical accuracy.

What was the degree of Frédéric's association with political insurrection?

indirect

What parts of Frédéric's personal life influenced his legacy as a leading symbol of the era?

his love life and his early death

In which era was Frédéric leave a legacy of as a leading symbol?

Romantic era

In what forms of media has Frédéric been the subject of?

films and biographies

Where did Chopin create the majority of his compositions?

France

Chopin is a native of what country?

Poland

He had a non-direct association with what?

political insurrection

Chopin is closely associated with what era?

Romantic era

Where did Chopin create most of his works?

France

Chopin was indirectly related to what?

political insurrection

Chopin is considered a prominent symbol of what?

Romantic era


Fryderyk Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola, 46 kilometres (29 miles) west of Warsaw, in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, a Polish state established by Napoleon. The parish baptismal record gives his birthday as 22 February 1810, and cites his given names in the Latin form Fridericus Franciscus (in Polish, he was Fryderyk Franciszek). However, the composer and his family used the birthdate 1 March,[n 2] which is now generally accepted as the correct date.

In what village was Frédéric born in?

Żelazowa Wola

On what date was Frédéric born on?

22 February 1810

Despite the birthdate given by parish baptismal, what date is given by the composer and his family instead?

1 March

What was the latin form of Frédéric's full name?

Fridericus Franciscus

How many miles was the village Frédéric born in located to the west of Warsaw?

Where was Chopin born?

Żelazowa Wola

Who was responsible for the creation of the Duchy of Warsaw?

Napoleon

When was his birthday recorded as being?

22 February 1810

What birth date is now considered as his actual birthday?

1 March

Chopin's given names in Latin are what?

Fridericus Franciscus

The Duchy of Warsaw was created by whom?

Napoleon

Chopin's birth is recorded as when?

22 February 1810

What birth date is now considered correct for Chopin?

1 March

What is the Latin form of Chopin's name?

Fridericus Franciscus

Chopin was actually born outside of Warsaw at what location?

Żelazowa Wola

What famous French leader had established the Polish state at this time?

Napoleon


Fryderyk's father, Nicolas Chopin, was a Frenchman from Lorraine who had emigrated to Poland in 1787 at the age of sixteen. Nicolas tutored children of the Polish aristocracy, and in 1806 married Justyna Krzyżanowska, a poor relative of the Skarbeks, one of the families for whom he worked. Fryderyk was baptized on Easter Sunday, 23 April 1810, in the same church where his parents had married, in Brochów. His eighteen-year-old godfather, for whom he was named, was Fryderyk Skarbek, a pupil of Nicolas Chopin. Fryderyk was the couple's second child and only son; he had an elder sister, Ludwika (1807–55), and two younger sisters, Izabela (1811–81) and Emilia (1812–27). Nicolas was devoted to his adopted homeland, and insisted on the use of the Polish language in the household.

Who did Frédéric's father marry in 1806?

Justyna Krzyżanowska

On what date was Frédéric baptised?

23 April 1810

What language did Frédéric's father, Nicolas, insist on using in the household?

Polish

What was the given name of Chopin's father?

Nicolas

Where was Chopin's father from?

Lorraine

Chopin's father married who?

Justyna Krzyżanowska

What is the name of Chopin's godfather?

Fryderyk Skarbek

What is the name of Chopin's eldest sister?

Ludwika

What was Chopin's father's first name?

Nicolas

From where id Chopin's father emigrate from?

Lorraine

What is Chopin's older sister's name?

Ludwika


In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses.

During what month did Frédéric move to Warsaw with his family?

October

What language did Frédéric's father teach after they had moved to Warsaw?

French

Where did Frédéric live with his family while they were in Warsaw?

the Palace grounds

What two instruments did Frédéric's father play during this time?

flute and violin

What was Frédéric prone to during early childhood as a result of his slight build?

illnesses

When did Chopin's family move to Warsaw?

October 1810

Where did Chopin's father get a teaching position?

Warsaw Lyceum

What instruments did Chopin's father play?

flute and violin

What instrument did Chopin's mother teach?

piano

How old was Chopin when his family moved to Warsaw?

six months

What language did Chopin's father teach?

French

What two instruments did Chopin's father play?

flute and violin

What instrument did Chopin's mother teach at the boarding house?

piano

Where did Chopin live with his family in Warsaw?

Saxon Palace.


Fryderyk may have had some piano instruction from his mother, but his first professional music tutor, from 1816 to 1821, was the Czech pianist Wojciech Żywny. His elder sister Ludwika also took lessons from Żywny, and occasionally played duets with her brother. It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy. By the age of seven Fryderyk had begun giving public concerts, and in 1817 he composed two polonaises, in G minor and B-flat major. His next work, a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821, dedicated to Żywny, is his earliest surviving musical manuscript.

Who was Frédéric's first professional teacher in music?

Wojciech Żywny

Which sister did Frédéric play duets with sometimes while being tutored at this time?

Ludwika

At what age did Frédéric start giving public concerts?

What did Frédéric compose during the year of 1817?

two polonaises

What is the earliest surviving musical notation composed by Frédéric?

a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821

Who was Chopin's initial piano teacher?

Wojciech Żywny

Which of his sisters did Chopin sometimes duet with?

Ludwika

At what age did Chopin start playing publicly?

What year did Chopin compose his first work?

During what years did Chopin receive instruction from  Żywny?

1816 to 1821

What is the name of Chopin's first music teacher that was not an amateur musician?

Wojciech Żywny

Which of Chopin's sisters would play music with him?

Ludwika

How old was Chopin when he began to perform for the public?

Who was Chopin's earliest piece of music, that there is a record of, dedicated to?

Wojciech Żywny


In 1817 the Saxon Palace was requisitioned by Warsaw's Russian governor for military use, and the Warsaw Lyceum was reestablished in the Kazimierz Palace (today the rectorate of Warsaw University). Fryderyk and his family moved to a building, which still survives, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace. During this period, Fryderyk was sometimes invited to the Belweder Palace as playmate to the son of the ruler of Russian Poland, Grand Duke Constantine; he played the piano for the Duke and composed a march for him. Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, in his dramatic eclogue, "Nasze Przebiegi" ("Our Discourses", 1818), attested to "little Chopin's" popularity.

In what year was the Saxon Palace taken by the Russian governor for use regarding the military?

What establishment today contains what was known as the Warsaw Lyceum during that time?

Warsaw University

What building was Frédéric's new home adjacent to?

Kazimierz Palace

What palace was Frédéric sometimes invited to as a companion of the ruler's son?

Belweder Palace

What short poem spoke of Frédéric's popularity as a child?

Nasze Przebiegi

The Saxon Palace was taken over for military use in what year?

The Warsaw Lyceum was moved to where?

Kazimierz Palace

As a child Chopin was invited to play with the son of whom?

Grand Duke Constantine

What did Chopin create for Grand Duke Constantine?

a march

In one of his works who affirmed the popularity of Chopin as a child?

Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz

What was the place Chopin was invited to as a friend of ruler's son?

Belweder Palace

What is the title and name of the ruler whose son Chopin was friends with?

Grand Duke Constantine

What type of musical piece did Chopin compose for his friend's ruling father?

a march

Who wrote in 1818 about the popularity of Chopin?

Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz


From September 1823 to 1826 Chopin attended the Warsaw Lyceum, where he received organ lessons from the Czech musician Wilhelm Würfel during his first year. In the autumn of 1826 he began a three-year course under the Silesian composer Józef Elsner at the Warsaw Conservatory, studying music theory, figured bass and composition.[n 3] Throughout this period he continued to compose and to give recitals in concerts and salons in Warsaw. He was engaged by the inventors of a mechanical organ, the "eolomelodicon", and on this instrument in May 1825 he performed his own improvisation and part of a concerto by Moscheles. The success of this concert led to an invitation to give a similar recital on the instrument before Tsar Alexander I, who was visiting Warsaw; the Tsar presented him with a diamond ring. At a subsequent eolomelodicon concert on 10 June 1825, Chopin performed his Rondo Op. 1. This was the first of his works to be commercially published and earned him his first mention in the foreign press, when the Leipzig Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung praised his "wealth of musical ideas".

During what years did Frédéric visit the Warsaw Lyceum for lessons?

1823 to 1826

Who was Frédéric a student of involving music theory starting in 1826?

Józef Elsner

What was the name of the mechanical organ Frédéric performed on during 1825?

eolomelodicon

Which tsar did Frédéric perform for due to his success in previous concerts?

Alexander I

On what date was Frédéric's first performance that earned international esteem?

10 June 1825

Who taught Chopin to play the organ?

Wilhelm Würfel

Chopin had three years of lessons with whom?

Józef Elsner

What instrument did Chopin play in front of Tsar Alexander I?

eolomelodicon

What gift did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?

diamond ring

What was the first of Chopin's works to gain international renown?

Rondo Op. 1

Who gave Chopin instruction on how to play the organ?

Wilhelm Würfel

What was the name of the teacher of Chopin's three year course that began in the fall of 1826?

Józef Elsner

What is th ename of the mechanical organ Chopin played in 1825?

eolomelodicon

What did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?

a diamond ring.

What is the title of his first commercially successful work?

Rondo Op. 1.


During 1824–28 Chopin spent his vacations away from Warsaw, at a number of locales.[n 4] In 1824 and 1825, at Szafarnia, he was a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski, the father of a schoolmate. Here for the first time he encountered Polish rural folk music. His letters home from Szafarnia (to which he gave the title "The Szafarnia Courier"), written in a very modern and lively Polish, amused his family with their spoofing of the Warsaw newspapers and demonstrated the youngster's literary gift.

Who was Frédéric a guest of during his visit of Szafarnia in 1824 and 1825?

Dominik Dziewanowski

In which village did Frédéric first experience rural Polish folk music?

Szafarnia

To whom did Frédéric write letters to during his stay in Szafarnia?

his family

What did Frédéric write parodies of in his letters?

Warsaw newspapers

During his vacation in 1824 and 1825 who did Chopin spend his vacation with?

Dominik Dziewanowski

What type of music did Chopin discover for the first time while staying in Szafarnia?

Polish rural folk music

What was the name of the person who hosted Chopin as a guest when he discovered Polish rural folk music?

Dominik Dziewanowski

What was the title chopin gave of some spoof letters he wrote?

The Szafarnia Courier

Where did Chopin spend his vacation in 1824 and 1825?

Szafarnia


In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7]

During what year did Frédéric's youngest sister, Emilia, pass away?

What street did Frédéric's family move to after the death of his youngest sister?

Krakowskie Przedmieście

What year did Frédéric leave Warsaw after moving with his family to the south annex of Krasiński Palace?

What did the Chopin's family business become in the 20th century?

a museum

Which artist created the first known portrait of Frédéric?

Ambroży Mieroszewski

What year did Chopin's sister Emilia die?

What year did Chopin leave Warsaw?

What was the Chopin family's business?

boarding house for male students

What artist painted the Chopin family?

Ambroży Mieroszewski

Who in Chopin's family died shortly before they moved in 1827?

sister Emilia

What year did Chopin leave Warsaw?

What was the Chopin boarding house called in English?

Chopin Family Parlour

What artist made portraits of the Chopin family in 1829?

Ambroży Mieroszewski

Was the Chopin family boarding house for male or female students?

male


Four boarders at his parents' apartments became Chopin's intimates: Tytus Woyciechowski, Jan Nepomucen Białobłocki, Jan Matuszyński and Julian Fontana; the latter two would become part of his Paris milieu. He was friendly with members of Warsaw's young artistic and intellectual world, including Fontana, Józef Bohdan Zaleski and Stefan Witwicki. He was also attracted to the singing student Konstancja Gładkowska. In letters to Woyciechowski, he indicated which of his works, and even which of their passages, were influenced by his fascination with her; his letter of 15 May 1830 revealed that the slow movement (Larghetto) of his Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor) was secretly dedicated to her – "It should be like dreaming in beautiful springtime – by moonlight." His final Conservatory report (July 1829) read: "Chopin F., third-year student, exceptional talent, musical genius."

Of the individuals that became intimate with Frédéric during their stay at the family apartments, which two became part of Frédéric's social environment in Paris?

Jan Matuszyński and Julian Fontana

Which singer was cited specifically as someone Frédéric was attracted to?

Konstancja Gładkowska

What four boys from his family's boarding house became friends with Chopin?

Tytus Woyciechowski, Jan Nepomucen Białobłocki, Jan Matuszyński and Julian Fontana

Which singer did Chopin become fascinated with?

Konstancja Gładkowska

Which of Chopin's works was unknowingly dedicated to Gladkowska?

Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor)

When did Chopin receive his last Conservatory report?

July 1829

Which two of Chopin's friends became part of his Paris milieu?

Jan Matuszyński and Julian Fontana

What was the name of the singing student Chopin was attracted to?

Konstancja Gładkowska

To whom did Chopin reveal in letters which parts of his work were about the singing student he was infatuated with?

Tytus Woyciechowski

What musical piece had a Larghetto dedicated to the female singing student Chopin was infatuated with?

Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor)

How many boarders of his family's boarding house became intimate friends with Chopin?

Four


In September 1828 Chopin, while still a student, visited Berlin with a family friend, zoologist Feliks Jarocki, enjoying operas directed by Gaspare Spontini and attending concerts by Carl Friedrich Zelter, Felix Mendelssohn and other celebrities. On an 1829 return trip to Berlin, he was a guest of Prince Antoni Radziwiłł, governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen—himself an accomplished composer and aspiring cellist. For the prince and his pianist daughter Wanda, he composed his Introduction and Polonaise brillante in C major for cello and piano, Op. 3.

Who did Frédéric visit Berlin with in September 1828?

Feliks Jarocki

Which opera director did Frédéric see works of during his stay in Berlin?

Gaspare Spontini

Who was Frédéric a guest of during his stay in Berlin in 1829?

Prince Antoni Radziwiłł

What piece did Frédéric create specifically for the prince and the prince's daughter, Wanda?

Introduction and Polonaise brillante in C major for cello and piano, Op. 3

When did Chopin visit Berlin?

September 1828

With whom did Chopin go to Berlin?

Feliks Jarocki

While in Berlin he saw the operatic work of who?

Gaspare Spontini

In 1829 on a trip back to Berlin Chopin was a guest of who?

Prince Antoni Radziwiłł

What piece did Chopin create for Prince Antoni?

Introduction and Polonaise brillante in C major for cello and piano, Op. 3

What year did Chopin visit Berlin while still a student?

Who did Chopin go to Berlin with?

Feliks Jarocki

What did the person who Chopin went with to Berlin do for his work?

zoologist

Who directed the operas they enjoyed in Berlin?

Gaspare Spontini

What year did Chopin return to Berlin?


Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830.

What did Frédéric compose after hearing Niccolò Paganini perform on the violin?

Souvenir de Paganini

During what month did Frédéric make his first appearance in Vienna?

August

How many piano concerts did Frédéric perform in Vienna during this time?

two

On what date did Frédéric give his first performance of Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21?

17 March 1830

What did Chopin compose after hearing Niccolo Paganini?

Souvenir de Paganini

Where did Chopin debut after completing his studies?

Vienna

What piece did Chopin debut after returning to Warsaw?

Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21

When did Chopin return to Warsaw?

September 1829

Why did some critics say that Chopin was too delicate?

accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists

Who did Chopin hear play violin in 1829 that prompted him to write a composisition?

Niccolò Paganini

Where did Chopin make his debut after completing his education?

Vienna

How many public performances did Chopin do where he made his debut after completing his education?

two

How many weeks after completing school was it before Chopin made his public debut?

three


Chopin's successes as a composer and performer opened the door to western Europe for him, and on 2 November 1830, he set out, in the words of Zdzisław Jachimecki, "into the wide world, with no very clearly defined aim, forever." With Woyciechowski, he headed for Austria, intending to go on to Italy. Later that month, in Warsaw, the November 1830 Uprising broke out, and Woyciechowski returned to Poland to enlist. Chopin, now alone in Vienna, was nostalgic for his homeland, and wrote to a friend, "I curse the moment of my departure." When in September 1831 he learned, while travelling from Vienna to Paris, that the uprising had been crushed, he expressed his anguish in the pages of his private journal: "Oh God! ... You are there, and yet you do not take vengeance!" Jachimecki ascribes to these events the composer's maturing "into an inspired national bard who intuited the past, present and future of his native Poland."

On what date did Frédéric begin his journey into Western Europe?

2 November 1830

Which country did Frédéric go to first after setting out for Western Europe?

Austria

In what year did his companion Woyciechowski depart to Poland to enlist for the uprising in Warsaw?

What historian commented that the events involving Frédéric's friend in Poland contributed to his maturing?

Zdzisław Jachimecki

Who said that Chopin set out "into the wide world, with no very clearly defined aim, forever?"

Zdzisław Jachimecki

Who did Chopin leave for Austria with?

Woyciechowski

Where did Chopin intend to go after Austria?

Italy

Woyciechowski left Chopin to enlist in what?

the November 1830 Uprising

What geographicla region was opened for Chopin due to his composing and performances?

western Europe

When Chopin started to take his music to the world, what is the last name of the person who went with him to Austria?

Woyciechowski

What year did the uprising begin in Warsaw?

What were the words Chopin wrote to a friend when he was alone and homesick?

"I curse the moment of my departure."

What year did Chopin learn that the uprising in Warsaw was crushed?


Chopin arrived in Paris in late September 1831; he would never return to Poland, thus becoming one of many expatriates of the Polish Great Emigration. In France he used the French versions of his given names, and after receiving French citizenship in 1835, he travelled on a French passport. However, Chopin remained close to his fellow Poles in exile as friends and confidants and he never felt fully comfortable speaking French. Chopin's biographer Adam Zamoyski writes that he never considered himself to be French, despite his father's French origins, and always saw himself as a Pole.

What event was Frédéric a part of when he arrived in Paris during the later part of September in 1831?

the Polish Great Emigration

What version of Frédéric's birth name did he begin using after arriving in France?

French

In what year did Frédéric officially acquire French citizenship?

What were the two kinds of relationships stated as Frédéric having with his fellow Poland natives in exile?

friends and confidants

What nationality is stated as the one Frédéric felt most identified by?

Polish

When did Chopin reach Paris?

September 1831

By not going back to Poland Chopin became part of what?

Polish Great Emigration

In what year did Chopin become a French citizen?

What is the name of Chopin's biographer?

Adam Zamoyski

After 1831, what country did Chopin never return to?

Poland

What country's passport did he have from 1835?

France

What language was Chopin never completely at ease speaking?

French

What biographer of Chopin wrote that Chopin never considered himself French?

Adam Zamoyski

Due to the numbers of expatriates of Poland after the uprising, what did it become to be known as?

Polish Great Emigration


In Paris, Chopin encountered artists and other distinguished figures, and found many opportunities to exercise his talents and achieve celebrity. During his years in Paris he was to become acquainted with, among many others, Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, Ferdinand Hiller, Heinrich Heine, Eugène Delacroix, and Alfred de Vigny. Chopin was also acquainted with the poet Adam Mickiewicz, principal of the Polish Literary Society, some of whose verses he set as songs.

In what city did Frédéric achieve celebrity status?

Paris

Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society that Frédéric became acquainted with?

Adam Mickiewicz

What did Frédéric create from verses of the poet Adam Mickiewicz?

songs

What poet did Chopin use verses from for songs?

Adam Mickiewicz

What people did Chopin meet while in Paris?

Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, Ferdinand Hiller, Heinrich Heine, Eugène Delacroix, and Alfred de Vigny

What was the name of the poet Chopin became acquainted with in Paris?

Adam Mickiewicz

What position did the poet who Chopin knew in Paris hold?

principal of the Polish Literary Society


Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there. His fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory, Julian Fontana, had originally tried unsuccessfully to establish himself in England; Albert Grzymała, who in Paris became a wealthy financier and society figure, often acted as Chopin's adviser and "gradually began to fill the role of elder brother in [his] life." Fontana was to become, in the words of Michałowski and Samson, Chopin's "general factotum and copyist".

Which friend of Frédéric failed to achieve success in England?

Julian Fontana

Who was Frédéric's trusted adviser while in Paris?

Albert Grzymała

What familial role was Albert Grzymała compared to in regards to Frédéric?

elder brother

Who is stated as a jack of all trades in service to Frédéric?

Julian Fontana

What nationality were the two friends who served as a pivotal influence in Frédéric's life while in Paris?

Polish

Julian Fontana tried to find his way where before moving to Paris?

England

Where did Julian Fontana fail to get established?

England

Who did Chopin know that became rich in Paris?

Albert Grzymała

Which friend of Chopin became like an older brother to him?

Albert Grzymała

Which friend took on the role of several jobs to help Chopin including copyist?

Julian Fontana

Where were Chopin and Fontana students together?

Warsaw Conservatory


At the end of 1831, Chopin received the first major endorsement from an outstanding contemporary when Robert Schumann, reviewing the Op. 2 Variations in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung (his first published article on music), declared: "Hats off, gentlemen! A genius." On 26 February 1832 Chopin gave a debut Paris concert at the Salle Pleyel which drew universal admiration. The critic François-Joseph Fétis wrote in the Revue et gazette musicale: "Here is a young man who ... taking no model, has found, if not a complete renewal of piano music, ... an abundance of original ideas of a kind to be found nowhere else ..." After this concert, Chopin realized that his essentially intimate keyboard technique was not optimal for large concert spaces. Later that year he was introduced to the wealthy Rothschild banking family, whose patronage also opened doors for him to other private salons (social gatherings of the aristocracy and artistic and literary elite). By the end of 1832 Chopin had established himself among the Parisian musical elite, and had earned the respect of his peers such as Hiller, Liszt, and Berlioz. He no longer depended financially upon his father, and in the winter of 1832 he began earning a handsome income from publishing his works and teaching piano to affluent students from all over Europe. This freed him from the strains of public concert-giving, which he disliked.

Who gave Frédéric his first significant public approval in regards to his compositions?

Robert Schumann

On what date did Frédéric give his first performance at the Salle Pleyel?

26 February 1832

What is stated as a hindrance for Frédéric's ability to perform in large concert spaces?

intimate keyboard technique

Who did Frédéric rely upon financially before earning a great income from his works?

his father

From whom did Chopin receive his first big endorsement?

Robert Schumann

When did Chopin debut at Salle Pleyel ?

26 February 1832

What affluent family did Chopin gain a patronage from?

Rothschild

When did Chopin receive his first major endorsement from Robert Schumann?

What did Chopin realize was not ideal for larger spaces after his first successful concert in Paris?

keyboard technique

Once Chopin stopped performing concerts, how did he earn his income?

publishing his works and teaching piano to affluent students


Chopin seldom performed publicly in Paris. In later years he generally gave a single annual concert at the Salle Pleyel, a venue that seated three hundred. He played more frequently at salons, but preferred playing at his own Paris apartment for small groups of friends. The musicologist Arthur Hedley has observed that "As a pianist Chopin was unique in acquiring a reputation of the highest order on the basis of a minimum of public appearances—few more than thirty in the course of his lifetime." The list of musicians who took part in some of his concerts provides an indication of the richness of Parisian artistic life during this period. Examples include a concert on 23 March 1833, in which Chopin, Liszt and Hiller performed (on pianos) a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards; and, on 3 March 1838, a concert in which Chopin, his pupil Adolphe Gutmann, Charles-Valentin Alkan, and Alkan's teacher Joseph Zimmermann performed Alkan's arrangement, for eight hands, of two movements from Beethoven's 7th symphony. Chopin was also involved in the composition of Liszt's Hexameron; he wrote the sixth (and final) variation on Bellini's theme. Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England.

What was Frédéric's favorite environment to perform in?

his own Paris apartment for small groups of friends

What instrument did Frédéric play in a performance on 23 March 1833?

pianos

Chopin gave a yearly performance where?

Salle Pleyel

Chopin worked with Liszt on what piece?

Hexameron

In 1833 with whom with Chopin work to get his music published?

Maurice Schlesinger

What is the name of Chopin's pupil who performed with him?

Adolphe Gutmann

Where did Chopin prefer to play for people?

apartment

On March 23, 1833, who headlined and performed with Chopin at a concert?

Liszt and Hiller

Who did Chopin contract with for publishing his music?

Maurice Schlesinger


In the spring of 1834, Chopin attended the Lower Rhenish Music Festival in Aix-la-Chapelle with Hiller, and it was there that Chopin met Felix Mendelssohn. After the festival, the three visited Düsseldorf, where Mendelssohn had been appointed musical director. They spent what Mendelssohn described as "a very agreeable day", playing and discussing music at his piano, and met Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow, director of the Academy of Art, and some of his eminent pupils such as Lessing, Bendemann, Hildebrandt and Sohn. In 1835 Chopin went to Carlsbad, where he spent time with his parents; it was the last time he would see them. On his way back to Paris, he met old friends from Warsaw, the Wodzińskis. He had made the acquaintance of their daughter Maria in Poland five years earlier, when she was eleven. This meeting prompted him to stay for two weeks in Dresden, when he had previously intended to return to Paris via Leipzig. The sixteen-year-old girl's portrait of the composer is considered, along with Delacroix's, as among Chopin's best likenesses. In October he finally reached Leipzig, where he met Schumann, Clara Wieck and Felix Mendelssohn, who organised for him a performance of his own oratorio St. Paul, and who considered him "a perfect musician". In July 1836 Chopin travelled to Marienbad and Dresden to be with the Wodziński family, and in September he proposed to Maria, whose mother Countess Wodzińska approved in principle. Chopin went on to Leipzig, where he presented Schumann with his G minor Ballade. At the end of 1836 he sent Maria an album in which his sister Ludwika had inscribed seven of his songs, and his 1835 Nocturne in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 1. The anodyne thanks he received from Maria proved to be the last letter he was to have from her.

Who did Frédéric meet in the spring of 1834 at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival?

Felix Mendelssohn

What two activities did Frédéric do while visiting for a day in Düsseldorf with Mendelssohn and Hiller?

playing and discussing music

Who was the director of the Academy of Art that Frédéric met while in Düsseldorf?

Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow

Where were Frédéric's parents located at when he saw them for the final time in 1835?

Carlsbad

Where did Chopin meet Felix Mendelssohn?

the Lower Rhenish Music Festival

Who did Chopin attend the Lower Rhenish Music Festival with?

Hiller

In 1835 where did Chopin and his parents visit?

Carlsbad

When did Chopin propose marriage to Maria Wodziński?

July 1836

Who was Maria's mother?

Countess Wodzińska

Who did Chopin meet at a music festival early in 1834?

Felix Mendelssohn

Where did Chopin and Hiller go with the person Chopin met in the spring of 1834?

Düsseldorf

What was Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow position?

director of the Academy of Art

What was the first name of the girl Chopin proposed to?

Maria


Although it is not known exactly when Chopin first met Liszt after arriving in Paris, on 12 December 1831 he mentioned in a letter to his friend Woyciechowski that "I have met Rossini, Cherubini, Baillot, etc.—also Kalkbrenner. You would not believe how curious I was about Herz, Liszt, Hiller, etc." Liszt was in attendance at Chopin's Parisian debut on 26 February 1832 at the Salle Pleyel, which led him to remark: "The most vigorous applause seemed not to suffice to our enthusiasm in the presence of this talented musician, who revealed a new phase of poetic sentiment combined with such happy innovation in the form of his art."

Who was the recipient of Frédéric's letter he wrote on 12 December 1831?

Woyciechowski

What are the three names stated in Frédéric's letter that he had shown interest and curiosity in?

Herz, Liszt, Hiller

Who is stated as being in attendance of Frédéric's first performance at the Salle Pleyel on 26 February 1832?

Liszt

What was the date that LIszt first saw Chopin perform?

26 February 1832

Which friend received the letter in which Chopin referenced Liszt?

Woyciechowski

Where was Chopin's first concert in Paris held?

the Salle Pleyel


The two became friends, and for many years lived in close proximity in Paris, Chopin at 38 Rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin, and Liszt at the Hôtel de France on the Rue Lafitte, a few blocks away. They performed together on seven occasions between 1833 and 1841. The first, on 2 April 1833, was at a benefit concert organized by Hector Berlioz for his bankrupt Shakespearean actress wife Harriet Smithson, during which they played George Onslow's Sonata in F minor for piano duet. Later joint appearances included a benefit concert for the Benevolent Association of Polish Ladies in Paris. Their last appearance together in public was for a charity concert conducted for the Beethoven Memorial in Bonn, held at the Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory on 25 and 26 April 1841.

What address did Frédéric live at during his stay in Paris?

38 Rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin

How far down the road did Liszt live from Frédéric during this time?

a few blocks

How many times did Frédéric and Liszt collaborate in performances during the years of 1833 to 1841?

seven

For whose benefit was the first of these concerts performed for on 2 April 1833?

Harriet Smithson

At which two establishments was the last of these performances conducted at on 25 and 26 April 1841?

Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory

When was the first time Liszt and Chopin performed together?

2 April 1833

What was the charity that Liszt and Chopin last performed for?

the Beethoven Memorial in Bonn

Where did Liszt and Chopin last perform together?

Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory

When Liszt lived close to Chopin, where did he call home?

the Hôtel de France on the Rue Lafitte

How many times did Chopin and Liszy perform together in public?

seven

Who did the first concert of Chopin and Liszt benefit?

Harriet Smithson


Although the two displayed great respect and admiration for each other, their friendship was uneasy and had some qualities of a love-hate relationship. Harold C. Schonberg believes that Chopin displayed a "tinge of jealousy and spite" towards Liszt's virtuosity on the piano, and others have also argued that he had become enchanted with Liszt's theatricality, showmanship and success. Liszt was the dedicatee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études, and his performance of them prompted the composer to write to Hiller, "I should like to rob him of the way he plays my studies." However, Chopin expressed annoyance in 1843 when Liszt performed one of his nocturnes with the addition of numerous intricate embellishments, at which Chopin remarked that he should play the music as written or not play it at all, forcing an apology. Most biographers of Chopin state that after this the two had little to do with each other, although in his letters dated as late as 1848 he still referred to him as "my friend Liszt". Some commentators point to events in the two men's romantic lives which led to a rift between them; there are claims that Liszt had displayed jealousy of his mistress Marie d'Agoult's obsession with Chopin, while others believe that Chopin had become concerned about Liszt's growing relationship with George Sand.

What term describes the qualities of the relationship between Frédéric and Liszt?

love-hate relationship

What three qualities of Liszt are stated to have captivated Frédéric?

theatricality, showmanship and success

What did Frédéric receive from Liszt when the latter performed a nocturne with certain embellishments added?

an apology

What did Frédéric introduce Liszt as in when referring to him in his letters up to 1848?

my friend Liszt

What piece did Chopin dedicate to Liszt?

Op. 10 Études

What was the name of Liszt's mistress?

Marie d'Agoult

Who did Chopin dedicate the Op. 10 Études to?

Liszt

Who apologized to Chopin for adding embellishments to a musical piece he perforemed that was written by Chopin?

Liszt

What was the name of Liszt's mistress?

Marie d'Agoult

Who did Chopin write to displaying his desire to take away a performers ability to play his music?

Hiller

What was the name of the man who biogrpahers think Chopin was concerned about Liszt's growing relationship with?

George Sand


In 1836, at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult, Chopin met the French author George Sand (born [Amantine] Aurore [Lucile] Dupin). Short (under five feet, or 152 cm), dark, big-eyed and a cigar smoker, she initially repelled Chopin, who remarked, "What an unattractive person la Sand is. Is she really a woman?" However, by early 1837 Maria Wodzińska's mother had made it clear to Chopin in correspondence that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely to proceed. It is thought that she was influenced by his poor health and possibly also by rumours about his associations with women such as d'Agoult and Sand. Chopin finally placed the letters from Maria and her mother in a package on which he wrote, in Polish, "My tragedy". Sand, in a letter to Grzymała of June 1838, admitted strong feelings for the composer and debated whether to abandon a current affair in order to begin a relationship with Chopin; she asked Grzymała to assess Chopin's relationship with Maria Wodzińska, without realising that the affair, at least from Maria's side, was over.

Who was the host of the gathering where Frédéric was introduced to George Sand?

Marie d'Agoult

What did Frédéric label the place in which he placed Maria and her mother's letters about the unlikely marriage?

My tragedy

Who did George Sand write to when admitting having a strong affection for Frédéric?

Grzymała

What is the name of the author Chopin met at a gathering put on by Marie d'Agoult?

George Sand

What was a possible reason for Chopin's failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska?

his poor health

What did Chopin write on the box of letters from Maria and her mother?

My tragedy

Who hosted the party whre Chopin met George Sand?

Marie d'Agoult

What year did Maria Wodzińska's mother tell Chopin that he likely would not marry her daughter?

What did Chopin write on the package that contained letters from Maria and her mother?

My tragedy

Who did Sand confide to in a letter about her feelings for Chopin in June, 1838?

Grzymała


In June 1837 Chopin visited London incognito in the company of the piano manufacturer Camille Pleyel where he played at a musical soirée at the house of English piano maker James Broadwood. On his return to Paris, his association with Sand began in earnest, and by the end of June 1838 they had become lovers. Sand, who was six years older than the composer, and who had had a series of lovers, wrote at this time: "I must say I was confused and amazed at the effect this little creature had on me ... I have still not recovered from my astonishment, and if I were a proud person I should be feeling humiliated at having been carried away ..." The two spent a miserable winter on Majorca (8 November 1838 to 13 February 1839), where, together with Sand's two children, they had journeyed in the hope of improving the health of Chopin and that of Sand's 15-year-old son Maurice, and also to escape the threats of Sand's former lover Félicien Mallefille. After discovering that the couple were not married, the deeply traditional Catholic people of Majorca became inhospitable, making accommodation difficult to find. This compelled the group to take lodgings in a former Carthusian monastery in Valldemossa, which gave little shelter from the cold winter weather.

What city did Frédéric visit in June 1837?

London

What event occurred on Frédéric's return to Paris?

his association with Sand began in earnest

How many years older was George Sand compared to Frédéric?

six

What adjective is used to describe Frédéric and Sand's time together during the winter of 1838?

miserable

Where did Frédéric and Sand venture to after Majorca became unlivable when it was discovered they were not married?

Valldemossa

With whom did Chopin go to London with in 1837?

Camille Pleyel

What was James Broadwood's occupation?

piano maker

How much older was George Sands than Chopin?

six years

During Sands and Chopin's visit to Majorca who were they fleeing?

Félicien Mallefille

After it became known that Sands and Chopin were unmarried where did they end up taking up shelter?

a former Carthusian monastery

When did Chopin and Sand become lovers?

June 1838

Where did Chopin and Sand go between November 1838 and February 1839?

Majorca

Who joined Chopin and Sand on their trip to Majorca?

Sand's two children

One of the reasons Chopin and Sand went to Majorca was to escape the threats of who?

Félicien Mallefille.

Where did Chopin and Sand stay in Valldemossa?

a former Carthusian monastery


On 3 December, Chopin complained about his bad health and the incompetence of the doctors in Majorca: "Three doctors have visited me ... The first said I was dead; the second said I was dying; and the third said I was about to die." He also had problems having his Pleyel piano sent to him. It finally arrived from Paris in December. Chopin wrote to Pleyel in January 1839: "I am sending you my Preludes [(Op. 28)]. I finished them on your little piano, which arrived in the best possible condition in spite of the sea, the bad weather and the Palma customs." Chopin was also able to undertake work on his Ballade No. 2, Op. 38; two Polonaises, Op. 40; and the Scherzo No. 3, Op. 39.

How many doctors saw Frédéric by the 3rd of December?

Three

What did Frédéric have trouble playing as a result of his growing illness?

piano

What condition did Frédéric describe the piano that arrived to him through many dangerous obstacles?

best possible condition

How many doctors visited Chopin?

What month did Chopin's piano arrive?

December

What did Chopin compalin about?

his bad health

What did Chopin have a hard time getting delivered to Majorca?

his Pleyel piano

What month did Chopin's Pleyel piano arrive in Majorca?

December

Who did Chopin send his Preludes to?

Pleyel


Although this period had been productive, the bad weather had such a detrimental effect on Chopin's health that Sand determined to leave the island. To avoid further customs duties, Sand sold the piano to a local French couple, the Canuts.[n 8] The group traveled first to Barcelona, then to Marseilles, where they stayed for a few months while Chopin convalesced. In May 1839 they headed for the summer to Sand's estate at Nohant, where they spent most summers until 1846. In autumn they returned to Paris, where Chopin's apartment at 5 rue Tronchet was close to Sand's rented accommodation at the rue Pigalle. He frequently visited Sand in the evenings, but both retained some independence. In 1842 he and Sand moved to the Square d'Orléans, living in adjacent buildings.

What is stated as having a negative effect on Frédéric's health during this productive time?

bad weather

What culture of French people did Sand sell the piano to?

Canuts

What city did the group travel to in order to help Frédéric recover?

Marseilles

Where was Sand's estate located where they stayed for the summers until 1846?

Nohant

Where did Frédéric and Sand move to in 1842 in buildings next to each other?

Square d'Orléans

Who did Sand sell Chopin's piano to?

the Canuts

Where did the group travel to after Barcelona?

Marseilles

Where was Sand's home?

Nohant

After returning to Paris where was Chopin's apartment?

5 rue Tronchet

In 1842 where did Chopin and Sand move?

Square d'Orléans

What had a negative effect on Chopin's health?

the bad weather

Who did Sand sell the piano to?

the Canuts.

Where did they travel after leaving Barcelona?

Marseilles

Where did Chopin and Sand move to in 1842?

Square d'Orléans

Where did they spend most summers until 1846?

Nohant


At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.

What event were Chopin and Sand at on 26 July 1840?

Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?

tenth

At whose funeral did Chopin play in 1839?

Adolphe Nourrit

What instrument did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?

organ

What piece did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?

Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne

Chopin attended the funeral of who in 1839?

Adolphe Nourrit

What did Chopin play at the funeral?

Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.

What was the dress rehearsal for?

Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

It was in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of what?

the July Revolution.


During the summers at Nohant, particularly in the years 1839–43, Chopin found quiet, productive days during which he composed many works, including his Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53. Among the visitors to Nohant were Delacroix and the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, whom Chopin had advised on piano technique and composition. Delacroix gives an account of staying at Nohant in a letter of 7 June 1842:

What is the example given of a work produced by Frédéric during calm summers at Nohant?

Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53

Which of the two people that visited Chopin were tutored by him on piano?

Pauline Viardot

On what date did Delacroix write a letter based on his visit at Nohant?

7 June 1842

What did Chopin help Pauline Viardot with?

piano technique and composition

Who were two visitors to Chopin while in Nohant?

Delacroix and the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot

What two things did Chopin advise Viardot on?

piano technique and composition.

Who wrote a letter on June 7, 1842 about a stay in Nohant?

Delacroix


From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's on 1 March 1843. Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him "hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor. Chopin's health continued to deteriorate, particularly from this time onwards. Modern research suggests that apart from any other illnesses, he may also have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy.

In which year did Chopin begin experiencing a serious decline in health?

To whom did Chopin write a letter on 21 February 1842 about his agonizing pain?

Grzymała

What performance was Chopin forced to decline due to his increasing ill health?

Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's

What instrument did Chopin play for Charles Hallé when the latter visited him?

piano

What has current day research suggested that Chopin was suffering from alongside his other illnesses?

temporal lobe epilepsy

Starting in what year did Chopin start showing evidence of very bad health?

What second performance did Chopin have to decline to play?

Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement

What specific illness does modern evidence point to Chopin having?

temporal lobe epilepsy

When did Chopin show signs of serious illness?

From 1842 onwards

Chopin wrote in 1842 that he had to lie in bed all day because what ached so much?

mouth and tonsils

Chopin had to decline who's invitation in 1843 to particpate in a performance at Erard's?

Alkan

Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?

Charles Hallé

Modern medicine indicates Chopin may have suffered from what condition?

temporal lobe epilepsy.


Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her "third child". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a "child," a "little angel", a "sufferer" and a "beloved little corpse." In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made "a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship." The two would never meet again.

What was the name of Sand's daughter's fiance that contributed to deteriorating the relationship between Sand and Chopin?

Auguste Clésinger

What was the interest Sand had that Chopin showed apathy towards?

radical political pursuits

What did Sand begin referring to Chopin as as his illness got worse?

third child

What was the name of Sand's novel she published in reference to her situation with Chopin?

Lucrezia Floriani

In what year did Chopin and Sand ultimately bring their relationship to a close?

When did Chopin's relationship with Sand start to deteriorate?

Whom did Sand's daughter Solange become engaged to?

Auguste Clésinger

What novel did Sand write in 1847?

Lucrezia Floriani

Who was the fortune hunter engaged to Sand's daughter?

Auguste Clésinger.

What role did Sand take on as her relationship with Chopin progressed?

nurse

What was the name of Sand's book where the main characters can be interpreted as Sand and Chopin?

Lucrezia Floriani

When did Chopin end his relationship with Sand?


Chopin's output as a composer throughout this period declined in quantity year by year. Whereas in 1841 he had written a dozen works, only six were written in 1842 and six shorter pieces in 1843. In 1844 he wrote only the Op. 58 sonata. 1845 saw the completion of three mazurkas (Op. 59). Although these works were more refined than many of his earlier compositions, Zamoyski opines that "his powers of concentration were failing and his inspiration was beset by anguish, both emotional and intellectual."

What was the name of the single piece of work he wrote in 1844?

Op. 58 sonata

What can be said of these works compared to his work in other years even though the quantity was less?

more refined than many of his earlier compositions

How many pieces did Chopin write in 1841?

a dozen

How many pieces did Chopin compose in 1842?

six

What piece did Chopin compose in 1844?

Op. 58 sonata

How many works did Chopin write in 1842?

six

How many works did Chopin write in 1843?

six shorter pieces

How many works did Chopin write in 1845?

three mazurkas


Chopin's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane, as did the number of his pupils, and this, together with the political strife and instability of the time, caused him to struggle financially. In February 1848, with the cellist Auguste Franchomme, he gave his last Paris concert, which included three movements of the Cello Sonata Op. 65.

In what month and year did Chopin give his final performance?

February 1848

With whom did Chopin perform his final concert?

Auguste Franchomme

When did Chopin last perform?

February 1848

Who did Chopin last perform with?

Auguste Franchomme

Plitical strife, popularity decline, instability of era and fewer students caused Chopin to what?

struggle financially.

Who did Chopin have at his last Parisian concert in 1848?

Auguste Franchomme

What instrument did Auguste Franchomme play?

Cello


Chopin's life was covered in a BBC TV documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television.

What television station made a documentary on Chopin?

BBC

What two people created a documentary on Chopin for Italian tv?

Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda

What was the title of the documentary the BBC released?

The Women Behind The Music

What television station released a documentary on Chopin?

BBC

What was the name of the documentary released by the BBC?

Chopin – The Women Behind The Music

What are the names of the two people that created a documentary for Italian tele vision?

Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda

Who did a work for Italian television about Chopin's life?

Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda


Chopin's life and his relations with George Sand have been fictionalized in numerous films. The 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination as Best Actor for his portrayal of the composer. Other film treatments have included: La valse de l'adieu (France, 1928) by Henry Roussel, with Pierre Blanchar as Chopin; Impromptu (1991), starring Hugh Grant as Chopin; La note bleue (1991); and Chopin: Desire for Love (2002).

What was the name of the 1945 movie released about Chopin?

A Song to Remember

What is the name of the actor who received and Oscar nomination for his role as Chopin?

Cornel Wilde

What year was  La valse de l'adieu released?

Who starred as Chopin in Impromptu?

Hugh Grant

Chopins relations with whom have been fictionalized in movies?

George Sand

What 1945 film was a fictionalized accounting of the relationship between Chopin and Sand?

A Song to Remember

Who portrayed Chopin in A Song to Remember?

Cornel Wilde

Who portrayed Chopin in the 1928 film, La valse de l'adieu?

Pierre Blanchar

Who portrayed Chopin in the 1991 film, Impromptu?

Hugh Grant


Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.

When was the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life?

Where was the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life created?

Milan

Who is responsible for the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life?

Giacomo Orefice

What is thought to be the first fictionalized work about Chopin?

Chopin

What style is the fictionalized "Chopin" in?

opera

Who wrote the fictionalized "Chopin?"

Giacomo Orefice

When was the fictionalized "Chopin" produced?

Where was the fictionalized "Chopin" produced?

Milan


Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments. The earliest manifestation was probably an 1830 sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich. French writers on Chopin (apart from Sand) have included Marcel Proust and André Gide; and he has also featured in works of Gottfried Benn and Boris Pasternak. There are numerous biographies of Chopin in English (see bibliography for some of these).

An 1830 sonnet was written about Chopin by what man?

Leon Ulrich

Aside from George Sands what two French authors have written about Chopin?

Marcel Proust and André Gide

Leon Ulrich wrote about Chopin in what format?

sonnet

What is the earliest sighting of Chopin in Polish Literature?

sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich

When did Ulrich do his sonnet on Chopin?

In addition to Polish and French, what other language has numerous biogrpahies of Chopin?

English


Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.

The Warsaw Chopin Society holds the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin how often?

every five years.

What is the name of the event that The Warsaw Chopin Society holds?

Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin

On Chopin's 200th anniversary critics of what publication made recommendations on recordings of Chopin's work?

The New York Times

Who organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings?

The Warsaw Chopin Society

How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings held?

every five years.

Upon Chopin's bicentenary, who recommended a list of who should perform Chopin?

The New York Times


The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions.

What year was the earliest Chopin recording created?

What is the title of the earliest known recording of Chopin's work?

Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2

Who played the earlier known recording of Chopin's work?

Paul Pabst

What has stated that every pianist in the recording era has used Chopin's music?

The British Library

When did Pabst record his Chopin performance?

Who has given a discography of pianists' representation of Chopin's pedagogic style?

Methuen-Campbell


Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.

What is the name of the oldest music essay competition?

International Chopin Piano Competition

What year was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded?

Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held?

Warsaw

How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held?

every five years

The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland includes approximately how many recordings of Chopin's work from Youtube?

What is the world's oldest monographic music competition?

the International Chopin Piano Competition

When was the International Chopin Piano Competition established?

There are over 80 societies throughout the world that have been established because of Chopin and his music according to who?

The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland

How many known works of Chopin's music were on YouTube up to the beginning of 2014?

nearly 1,500


Chopin's music was used in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana, choreographed by Michel Fokine and orchestrated by Alexander Glazunov. Sergei Diaghilev commissioned additional orchestrations—from Stravinsky, Anatoly Lyadov, Sergei Taneyev and Nikolai Tcherepnin—for later productions, which used the title Les Sylphides.

What is the name of the ballet that included Chopin's work?

Chopiniana

Who choreographed a ballet which included Chopin's work?

Michel Fokine

Chopiniana later went by a different name, what is that name?

Les Sylphides

Who orchestrated Chopiniana?

Alexander Glazunov

What year was the Chopiniana released?

Which 1909 ballet used Chopin's music?

Chopiniana

Who choreographed Chopiniana?

Michel Fokine

Who orchestrated Chopiniana?

Alexander Glazunov.

Sergei Diaghilev obtained additional orchestrations for subsequent productions, using which title?

Les Sylphides.


In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding.

Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?

London

Who provided the majority of funds for his concert tour in London?

Jane Stirling

Where did Chopin go in the spring of 1848?

London

What two people suggested the 1848 tour?

Jane Stirling and her elder sister

Who paid for most of the 1848 music tour of Chopin?

Jane Stirling

What was happening in April 1848 in Paris?

Revolution

What was Jane Stirling's national heritage?

Scottish


In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's technique. Broadwood also arranged concerts for him; among those attending were Thackeray and the singer Jenny Lind. Chopin was also sought after for piano lessons, for which he charged the high fee of one guinea (£1.05 in present British currency) per hour, and for private recitals for which the fee was 20 guineas. At a concert on 7 July he shared the platform with Viardot, who sang arrangements of some of his mazurkas to Spanish texts.

Where did Chopin stay while in London?

Dover Street

What company provided Chopin with a piano while in London?

Broadwood

Where was Chopin's initial performance?

Stafford House

What two notable guests were present during his premiere performance at Stafford House?

Queen Victoria and Prince Albert

What date did he perform with Viardot?

7 July

What steet did Chopin stay on in London?

Dover Street

What did Broadway provide for Chopin?

a grand piano.

What two dignitaries where at his first performance in London?

Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.

In addition to hearing him play, what else did people seek from Chopin in London?

piano lessons

Who sang chopin arrangements on July 7 of the year Chopin was in London?

Viardot


In late summer he was invited by Jane Stirling to visit Scotland, where he stayed at Calder House near Edinburgh and at Johnstone Castle in Renfrewshire, both owned by members of Stirling's family. She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so. He wrote at this time to Grzymała "My Scottish ladies are kind, but such bores", and responding to a rumour about his involvement, answered that he was "closer to the grave than the nuptial bed." He gave a public concert in Glasgow on 27 September, and another in Edinburgh, at the Hopetoun Rooms on Queen Street (now Erskine House) on 4 October. In late October 1848, while staying at 10 Warriston Crescent in Edinburgh with the Polish physician Adam Łyszczyński, he wrote out his last will and testament—"a kind of disposition to be made of my stuff in the future, if I should drop dead somewhere", he wrote to Grzymała.

Where did Jane Stirling invite Chopin?

Scotland

What doctor was with Chopin when he wrote out his will?

Adam Łyszczyński

Where was Chopin invited to in late summer?

Scotland

What city did Chopin perform at on September 27?

Glasgow

What did Chopin write while staying with Doctor Adam Łyszczyński?

will


Chopin made his last public appearance on a concert platform at London's Guildhall on 16 November 1848, when, in a final patriotic gesture, he played for the benefit of Polish refugees. By this time he was very seriously ill, weighing under 99 pounds (i.e. less than 45 kg), and his doctors were aware that his sickness was at a terminal stage.

When did Chopin last appear in public?

16 November 1848

Where was Chopin's last public performance?

Guildhall

Who were the beneficiaries of his last public concert?

Polish refugees.

What was the diagnosis of Chopin's health condition at this time?

terminal

Where was Chopin's last public performance?

London's Guildhall


At the end of November, Chopin returned to Paris. He passed the winter in unremitting illness, but gave occasional lessons and was visited by friends, including Delacroix and Franchomme. Occasionally he played, or accompanied the singing of Delfina Potocka, for his friends. During the summer of 1849, his friends found him an apartment in Chaillot, out of the centre of the city, for which the rent was secretly subsidised by an admirer, Princess Obreskoff. Here in June 1849 he was visited by Jenny Lind.

Who did Chopin play for while she sang?

Delfina Potocka

In 1849 where did Chopin live?

Chaillot

Who was anonymously paying for Chopin's apartment?

Princess Obreskoff

When did Chopin return to Paris?

November

Chopin accompanied which singer for friends?

Delfina Potocka

Where did his friends found Chopin an apartment in 1849?

Chaillot

Who paid for Chopin's apartment in Chaillot?

Princess Obreskoff.

When did Jenny Lind visit Chopin?

June 1849


With his health further deteriorating, Chopin desired to have a family member with him. In June 1849 his sister Ludwika came to Paris with her husband and daughter, and in September, supported by a loan from Jane Stirling, he took an apartment at Place Vendôme 12. After 15 October, when his condition took a marked turn for the worse, only a handful of his closest friends remained with him, although Viardot remarked sardonically that "all the grand Parisian ladies considered it de rigueur to faint in his room."

When did his sister come to stay with Chopin?

June 1849

In September 1849 where did Chopin take up residence?

Place Vendôme 12

Which family member came to Paris in June 1849?

his sister

Who accompanied Chopin's sister to Paris?

her husband and daughter

Who gave Chopin a loan in September for an apartment?

Jane Stirling

What did Parisian ladies consider proper etiquette when in Chopin's room?

to faint


Some of his friends provided music at his request; among them, Potocka sang and Franchomme played the cello. Chopin requested that his body be opened after death (for fear of being buried alive) and his heart returned to Warsaw where it rests at the Church of the Holy Cross. He also bequeathed his unfinished notes on a piano tuition method, Projet de méthode, to Alkan for completion. On 17 October, after midnight, the physician leaned over him and asked whether he was suffering greatly. "No longer", he replied. He died a few minutes before two o'clock in the morning. Those present at the deathbed appear to have included his sister Ludwika, Princess Marcelina Czartoryska, Sand's daughter Solange, and his close friend Thomas Albrecht. Later that morning, Solange's husband Clésinger made Chopin's death mask and a cast of his left hand.

Why did Chopin request being cut open after his death?

fear of being buried alive

What did Chopin reply to the doctor when asked is he was suffering?

"No longer"

Who made Chopin's death mask?

Clésinger

Why did Chopin want his body opened when he died?

fear of being buried alive

What did Solange's husband make hours after Chopin's death along with his death mask?

a cast of his left hand.


Chopin's disease and the cause of his death have since been a matter of discussion. His death certificate gave the cause as tuberculosis, and his physician, Jean Cruveilhier, was then the leading French authority on this disease. Other possibilities have been advanced including cystic fibrosis, cirrhosis and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. However, the attribution of tuberculosis as principal cause of death has not been disproved. Permission for DNA testing, which could put the matter to rest, has been denied by the Polish government.

What is listed as Chopin's official cause of death?

tuberculosis

What was the name of Chopin's doctor?

Jean Cruveilhier

What has the Polish government not allowed to find true cause of death?

DNA testing

What was the cause of death on Chopin's death certificate?

tuberculosis

Who was Chopin's physician?

Jean Cruveilhier

Other possiblities for Chopin's death include cirrhosis, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, and what?

cystic fibrosis

Who has denied testing Chopin's DNA to determine the actual cause of death?

the Polish government.


The funeral, held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, was delayed almost two weeks, until 30 October. Entrance was restricted to ticket holders as many people were expected to attend. Over 3,000 people arrived without invitations, from as far as London, Berlin and Vienna, and were excluded.

Where was Chopin's funeral held?

Church of the Madeleine

How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?

two weeks

How many people arrived for Chopin's funeral?

Over 3,000

Where was Chopin's funeral held?

the Church of the Madeleine in Paris

How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?

two weeks

How many people arrived without an invitation?

Over 3,000


Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery, which included Chopin's sister Ludwika, was led by the aged Prince Adam Czartoryski. The pallbearers included Delacroix, Franchomme, and Camille Pleyel. At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation.

What song was sung at Chopin's funeral?

Mozart's Requiem

Who was the organist at Chopin's funeral?

Louis Lefébure-Wély

Who led Chopin's funeral procession?

Prince Adam Czartoryski

What was played at his graveside?

Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2

What Mozart song was sung at Chopin's funeral?

Mozart's Requiem

Who was the organist for Chopin's funeral?

Louis Lefébure-Wély

Which cemetery was Chopin buried in?

Père Lachaise Cemetery

Who led the funeral procession?

Prince Adam Czartoryski

What was played at Chopin's graveside?

the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2


Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's heart in an urn, preserved in alcohol, back to Poland in 1850.[n 9] She also took a collection of two hundred letters from Sand to Chopin; after 1851 these were returned to Sand, who seems to have destroyed them.

Who sculpted Chopin's tombstone?

Clésinger

What is the name of the muse carved on Chopin's tombstone?

Euterpe

How much did Chopin's funeral cost?

5,000 francs

Who paid for Chopin's funeral?

Jane Stirling

Chopin's sister Ludwika took his heart back to Warsaw preserved in what?

alcohol

Who designed Chopin's tombstone?

Clésinger.

How much did Chopin's funeral and monument cost?

5,000 francs

Who paid for Chopin's funeral?

Jane Stirling

Who took Chopin's heart to Poland?

sister

Who ended up with the 200 letters from Sand to Chopin?

Sand


Over 230 works of Chopin survive; some compositions from early childhood have been lost. All his known works involve the piano, and only a few range beyond solo piano music, as either piano concertos, songs or chamber music.

How many of Chopin's works still exist?

Over 230

All of his pieces include what instrument?

piano

How many Chopin pieces are known to have survived?

Over 230

Only a few of Chopin's pieces involve more than the piano, including piano concertos, songs and what?

chamber music.


Chopin was educated in the tradition of Beethoven, Haydn, Mozart and Clementi; he used Clementi's piano method with his own students. He was also influenced by Hummel's development of virtuoso, yet Mozartian, piano technique. He cited Bach and Mozart as the two most important composers in shaping his musical outlook. Chopin's early works are in the style of the "brilliant" keyboard pieces of his era as exemplified by the works of Ignaz Moscheles, Friedrich Kalkbrenner, and others. Less direct in the earlier period are the influences of Polish folk music and of Italian opera. Much of what became his typical style of ornamentation (for example, his fioriture) is taken from singing. His melodic lines were increasingly reminiscent of the modes and features of the music of his native country, such as drones.

Whose piano method did Chopin teach his students?

Clementi

Whose piano method did Chopin use with his students?

Clementi

Who did Chopin say were the two most important composers in his own music influences?

Bach and Mozart

Chopin looked to Beethoven, Mozart, Clementi and who for his own music education?

Haydn


Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication. He was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces. He essentially established a new genre with his own set of free-standing preludes (Op. 28, published 1839). He exploited the poetic potential of the concept of the concert étude, already being developed in the 1820s and 1830s by Liszt, Clementi and Moscheles, in his two sets of studies (Op. 10 published in 1833, Op. 25 in 1837).

Who is credited with creating the nocturne?

John Field

Chopin was the first person to create what as singular concert pieces?

ballades and scherzi

What new genre di John Field invent?

nocturne

Chopin was first in writing what for concerts?

ballades and scherzi

What musical concept did Chopin exploit?

concert étude

What three other musicians were developing the new genre?

Liszt, Clementi and Moscheles


Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map." The series of seven polonaises published in his lifetime (another nine were published posthumously), beginning with the Op. 26 pair (published 1836), set a new standard for music in the form. His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents.

How many polonaises were published while Chopin lived?

seven

How many polonaises were published after Chopin died?

nine

Chopin was credited for making what more internationally known?

mazurkas

What is different about Chopin's waltzes versus a ballroom waltz?

faster tempos

What did Chopin add to the modern dance of his era?

greater range of melody and expression.

Chopin's Polish dance music was developed for what type of hall?

concert hall

What was Chopin responsible for making popular with Euorpeans?

the mazurka

How many Chopin polonaises were published after his death?

nine

What dance music of Chopin was written more for recitals than ballrooms?

waltzes


Some of Chopin's well-known pieces have acquired descriptive titles, such as the Revolutionary Étude (Op. 10, No. 12), and the Minute Waltz (Op. 64, No. 1). However, with the exception of his Funeral March, the composer never named an instrumental work beyond genre and number, leaving all potential extramusical associations to the listener; the names by which many of his pieces are known were invented by others. There is no evidence to suggest that the Revolutionary Étude was written with the failed Polish uprising against Russia in mind; it merely appeared at that time. The Funeral March, the third movement of his Sonata No. 2 (Op. 35), the one case where he did give a title, was written before the rest of the sonata, but no specific event or death is known to have inspired it.

What is another title Op. 10, No. 12 has garnered?

the Revolutionary Étude

What is the only piece Chopin gave an actual title to?

Funeral March

The Funeral March was written as part of what piece?

Sonata No. 2

How many instrumental works did Chopin give a descriptive name to?

one

What descriptive name was Op. 10, No. 12 given?

Revolutionary Étude

What descriptive name was Op. 64, No. 1 given?

Minute Waltz


The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp. 66–73), published in 1855. In 1857, 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life were collected and published as Op. 74, though their order within the opus did not reflect the order of composition.

What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?

Who was Chopin's musical executor?

Julian Fontana

How many unfinished pieces did Julian Fontana make into eight more opus numbers?

Op. 74 is made up of how many Polish songs?

What is the last opus number that Chopin used?

Who grouped 23 unpublished pieces and published them as Opp. 66-73 in 1855?

Julian Fontana

When was Op. 74 published?


Works published since 1857 have received alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers. The present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works is the Kobylańska Catalogue (usually represented by the initials 'KK'), named for its compiler, the Polish musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska.

The Kobylańska Catalogue was named for who?

Krystyna Kobylańska

Pieces published after what year stopped receiving opus numbers?

What have pieces published after 1857 been given rather than opus numbers?

alternative catalogue designations

What is the current musicologist reference for Chopin's pieces?

the Kobylańska Catalogue

What is the shortened reference for the Kobylańska Catalogue?

KK

Who compiled the Kobylańska Catalogue?

Krystyna Kobylańska.