The evolution of Proto-Greek should be considered within the context of an early Paleo-Balkan sprachbund that makes it difficult to delineate exact boundaries between individual languages. The characteristically Greek representation of word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels is shared, for one, by the Armenian language, which also seems to share some other phonological and morphological peculiarities of Greek; this has led some linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian, although evidence remains scant.

What progression coincided with the the early Greek states that makes it difficult to give credit for the language and differences ?

Paleo-Balkan sprachbund that makes it difficult to delineate exact boundaries between individual languages.

What is commonly seen in the Greek language that is not a constant ?

The characteristically Greek representation of word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels

What other language has this same trait ?

word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels is shared, for one, by the Armenian language

What other things do the two languages seem to have in common ?

phonological and morphological peculiarities of Greek; this has led some linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian

How much evidence of the link between the languages is currently available ?

linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian, although evidence remains scant.

What context should the evolution of the Armenian language be viewed within?

I'm not sure.

What was developed by some linguists that is not a constant?

I'm not sure.

What other language wasn't used outside of Armenia?

I'm not sure.

How much evidence is there that Proto-Greek was spoken in Armenia?

I'm not sure.

What other country could Greeks be found to have settled in?

I'm not sure.

What progression coincided with the the early Greek states that makes it easy to give credit for the language and differences ?

I'm not sure.

What is uncommonly seen in the Greek language that is not a constant ?

I'm not sure.

What other language hasn't this same trait ?

I'm not sure.

What other things do the two languages not seem to have in common ?

I'm not sure.

How much evidence of the link between the languages is currently unavailable ?

I'm not sure.

What progression coincided with the the late Greek states that makes it difficult to give credit for the language and differences ?

I'm not sure.

What is uncommonly seen in the Greek language that is not a constant ?

I'm not sure.

What other language doesn't have this same trait ?

I'm not sure.

What other things do the three languages seem to have in common ?

I'm not sure.

How much evidence of the link between the languages is not currently available ?

I'm not sure.


Around 1200 BC, the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus. Traditionally, historians have believed that the Dorian invasion caused the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, but it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean around 1180 BC. The Dorian invasion was followed by a poorly attested period of migrations, appropriately called the Greek Dark Ages, but by 800 BC the landscape of Archaic and Classical Greece was discernible.

What group of people came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual  region between Greece and Albania ?

the Dorians

When did these groups make the migration ?

Around 1200 BC

What civilization is the group credited with putting an end to ?

the Mycenaean civilization,

Is it believed that they truly are responsible in full for the collapse ?

it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples)

What areas were being explored by others in  by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have arrived  ?

seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean around 1180 BC

Where did the Mycenaean's originiate from in 1200 BC?

I'm not sure.

What civilization did the Mycenaean invastion cause to collapse?

I'm not sure.

At what time were the Mycenaeans considered raiders that dominated the Mediterranean?

I'm not sure.

What was the period of time called when the Mycenaeans were considered sea raiders?

I'm not sure.

What country was most affected by the Mycenaean raids in 800 BC?

I'm not sure.

What group of people never came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual region between Greece and Albania ?

I'm not sure.

When didn't these groups make the migration ?

I'm not sure.

What civilization is the group credited with starting ?

I'm not sure.

Is it believed that they truly aren't responsible in full for the collapse ?

I'm not sure.

What areas weren't being explored by others in by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have arrived ?

I'm not sure.

What group of people came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual region between England and Albania ?

I'm not sure.

When did these groups reject the migration?

I'm not sure.

What civilization is the group credited with starting?

I'm not sure.

Is it believed that they truly aren't responsible in full for the collapse?

I'm not sure.

What areas were being explored by others in by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have left?

I'm not sure.


The Greeks of classical antiquity idealized their Mycenaean ancestors and the Mycenaean period as a glorious era of heroes, closeness of the gods and material wealth. The Homeric Epics (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) were especially and generally accepted as part of the Greek past and it was not until the 19th century that scholars began to question Homer's historicity. As part of the Mycenaean heritage that survived, the names of the gods and goddesses of Mycenaean Greece (e.g. Zeus, Poseidon and Hades) became major figures of the Olympian Pantheon of later antiquity.

How did the Greeks look upon their forebears ?

Greeks of classical antiquity idealized their Mycenaean ancestors

How did they believe their forebears lived ?

Mycenaean period as a glorious era of heroes, closeness of the gods and material wealth

What literary events were believed to be a fact of truth ?

The Homeric Epics (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) were especially and generally accepted as part of the Greek past

Who was the author of these tales ?

Homer

What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that are based on ancestral ties ?

Zeus, Poseidon and Hades

How did the Mycenaeans view their relationship to the Greeks?

I'm not sure.

What two epics were written to honor Zeus?

I'm not sure.

In what century were the Homeric Epics first discovered?

I'm not sure.

What name is usually associated with the underworld?

I'm not sure.

What god is the most powerful in the Olympian Panthenon?

I'm not sure.

How did the Greeks not look upon their forebears ?

I'm not sure.

How did they believe their forebears died ?

I'm not sure.

What literary events were believed to be a fact of lies ?

I'm not sure.

Who wasn't the author of these tales ?

I'm not sure.

What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that aren't based on ancestral ties ?

I'm not sure.

How did the Greeks reject their forebears?

I'm not sure.

How did they not believe their forebears lived?

I'm not sure.

What literary events were believed to not be a fact of truth?

I'm not sure.

Who was the author of these poems?

I'm not sure.

What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that aren't based on ancestral ties?

I'm not sure.


The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is linked to the development of Pan-Hellenism in the 8th century BC. According to some scholars, the foundational event was the Olympic Games in 776 BC, when the idea of a common Hellenism among the Greek tribes was first translated into a shared cultural experience and Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture. The works of Homer (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) and Hesiod (i.e. Theogony) were written in the 8th century BC, becoming the basis of the national religion, ethos, history and mythology. The Oracle of Apollo at Delphi was established in this period.

What event is believed to be the ethnic basis of the Greeks society?

The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is linked to the development of Pan-Hellenism

When did this event occur ?

development of Pan-Hellenism in the 8th century BC.

What national sporting event was held during this time period still goes on in celebration today ?

the foundational event was the Olympic Games in 776 BC,

What was the foundation for spirituality and church ?

The works of Homer (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) and Hesiod (i.e. Theogony)

What famous spiritual guide and God was a devotional temple made to in the 8th century ?

Oracle of Apollo at Delphi

What event was used to celebrate the birth of Homer in the same year?

I'm not sure.

What did the city of Delphi cause the development of in 776 BC?

I'm not sure.

What did the city of Delphi inspire the development of in Greek culture?

I'm not sure.

In what century was the Odyssey first written in Greek?

I'm not sure.

In what year was Homer born?

I'm not sure.

What event isn't believed to be the ethnic basis of the Greeks society?

I'm not sure.

When didn't this event occur ?

I'm not sure.

What national sporting event wasn't held during this time period still goes on in celebration today ?

I'm not sure.

What wasn't the foundation for spirituality and church ?

I'm not sure.

What famous spiritual guide and God was a devotional temple made to in the 7th century ?

I'm not sure.

What event is believed to be the ethnic basis of the French society?

I'm not sure.

When did this event stop?

I'm not sure.

What national sporting event wasn't held during this time period still goes on in celebration today?

I'm not sure.

What was the foundation for non-spirituality and non-church?

I'm not sure.


The classical period of Greek civilization covers a time spanning from the early 5th century BC to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC (some authors prefer to split this period into 'Classical', from the end of the Persian wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War, and 'Fourth Century', up to the death of Alexander). It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras. The Classical period is also described as the "Golden Age" of Greek civilization, and its art, philosophy, architecture and literature would be instrumental in the formation and development of Western culture.

The time span that is counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras ?

classical period of Greek civilization covers a time spanning from the early 5th century BC to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC

Are there some discrepancies among scholars for the distinction of the period ?

this period into 'Classical', from the end of the Persian wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War, and 'Fourth Century', up to the death of Alexander

What is so well known about this period ?

It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras

What shiny other name is this time also called ?

The Classical period is also described as the "Golden Age" of Greek civilization

What did the Greeks do that made it possible for the expansion and growth of the opposite of the Eastern Civilization ?

civilization, and its art, philosophy, architecture and literature would be instrumental in the formation and development of Western culture.

What century marked the formation of Western civilization?

I'm not sure.

In what was the time period called when Persia was a dominant force in the world?

I'm not sure.

What year marked the beginning of the Peloponnesian war?

I'm not sure.

What is well known about the Peloponnesian war?

I'm not sure.

What culture was influenced by the results of the Peloponnesian war?

I'm not sure.

The time span that is counted as the non-classical for the Greeks is from eras ?

I'm not sure.

Are there some discrepancies among students for the distinction of the period ?

I'm not sure.

What is so unknown about this period ?

I'm not sure.

What shiny other name is this time not called ?

I'm not sure.

What did the Greeks do that made it possible for the contraction of the opposite of the Western Civilization ?

I'm not sure.

The time span that isn't counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras?

I'm not sure.

Why aren't there some discrepancies among scholars for the distinction of the period?

I'm not sure.

What isn't so well known about this period?

I'm not sure.

What dull other name is this time also called?

I'm not sure.


In any case, Alexander's toppling of the Achaemenid Empire, after his victories at the battles of the Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, and his advance as far as modern-day Pakistan and Tajikistan, provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way. While the Alexandrian empire did not survive its creator's death intact, the cultural implications of the spread of Hellenism across much of the Middle East and Asia were to prove long lived as Greek became the lingua franca, a position it retained even in Roman times. Many Greeks settled in Hellenistic cities like Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia. Two thousand years later, there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.

What Macedonian ruler helped to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life ?

Alexander

How was this achievement of advancing culture undertaken ?

provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way

What types of cities did the expansion of the great ruler inspire ?

Hellenistic cities

Are any relatives of the first people of  the Grecian world still around ?

there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.

Name a city that the Greeks nested in ?

cities like Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia.

What Macedonian ruler didn't help to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life?

I'm not sure.

How wasn't this achievement of advancing culture undertaken?

I'm not sure.

What types of cities didn't the expansion of the great ruler inspire?

I'm not sure.

Are any relatives of the first people of the Grecian world no longer around?

I'm not sure.


This age saw the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state. These larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi. Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors. An important factor in maintaining Greek identity was contact with barbarian (non-Greek) peoples, which was deepened in the new cosmopolitan environment of the multi-ethnic Hellenistic kingdoms. This led to a strong desire among Greeks to organize the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation. Greek science, technology and mathematics are generally considered to have reached their peak during the Hellenistic period.

With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation became of great importance ?

the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state.

The kingdoms of Diadochi was comprised of what ?

larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi.

How did the cites remind themselves of their beginnings ?

Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors.

What did the Greeks wants to be imparted to their descendants ?

the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation.

What academia was heightened during this time of Hellenism ?

Greek science, technology and mathematics are generally considered to have reached their peak during the Hellenistic period.

With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation wasn't of great importance?

I'm not sure.

The kingdoms of Diadochi wasn't comprised of what?

I'm not sure.

How did the cites remind themselves of their end?

I'm not sure.

What did the Greeks not want to be imparted to their descendants?

I'm not sure.

What academia wasn't heightened during this time of Hellenism?

I'm not sure.


In the religious sphere, this was a period of profound change. The spiritual revolution that took place, saw a waning of the old Greek religion, whose decline beginning in the 3rd century BC continued with the introduction of new religious movements from the East. The cults of deities like Isis and Mithra were introduced into the Greek world. Greek-speaking communities of the Hellenized East were instrumental in the spread of early Christianity in the 2nd and 3rd centuries, and Christianity's early leaders and writers (notably St Paul) were generally Greek-speaking, though none were from Greece. However, Greece itself had a tendency to cling to paganism and was not one of the influential centers of early Christianity: in fact, some ancient Greek religious practices remained in vogue until the end of the 4th century, with some areas such as the southeastern Peloponnese remaining pagan until well into the 10th century AD.

When did the religions of the past begin to dissipate ?

decline beginning in the 3rd century BC

What encouraged the change of faith ?

with the introduction of new religious movements from the East.

What religions form of worship came from the Eastern sects ?

The cults of deities like Isis and Mithra were introduced into the Greek world.

What group was significant in the expansion of the Christian faith ?

Hellenized East were instrumental in the spread of early Christianity

What language are the Apostle's namely believed to have spoken ?

Christianity's early leaders and writers (notably St Paul) were generally Greek-speaking

When did the religions of the past begin to rise?

I'm not sure.

What discouraged the change of faith?

I'm not sure.

What religions form of worship came from the Western sects?

I'm not sure.

What group was significant in the expansion of the Catholic faith?

I'm not sure.

What language are the Apostle's namely believed to not have spoken?

I'm not sure.


Of the new eastern religions introduced into the Greek world, the most successful was Christianity. From the early centuries of the Common Era, the Greeks identified as Romaioi ("Romans"), by that time the name ‘Hellenes’ denoted pagans. While ethnic distinctions still existed in the Roman Empire, they became secondary to religious considerations and the renewed empire used Christianity as a tool to support its cohesion and promoted a robust Roman national identity. Concurrently the secular, urban civilization of late antiquity survived in the Eastern Mediterranean along with Greco-Roman educational system, although it was from Christianity that the culture's essential values were drawn.

What alternative name were the Greeks known by ?

the Greeks identified as Romaioi ("Romans")

What did the label of  Hellenes come to stand for during the Common Era of Greece ?

the name ‘Hellenes’ denoted pagans

Did the Roman world consider one ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern ?

secondary to religious considerations

What imperative value was extolled from the Christian community to the Roman world ?

Greco-Roman educational system, although it was from Christianity that the culture's essential values were drawn.

What alternative name weren't the Greeks known by?

I'm not sure.

What did the label of Hellenes come to not stand for during the Common Era of Greece?

I'm not sure.

id the Roman world consider two ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern?

I'm not sure.

What imperative value was extolled from the Christian community from the Roman world?

I'm not sure.


The Eastern Roman Empire – today conventionally named the Byzantine Empire, a name not in use during its own time – became increasingly influenced by Greek culture after the 7th century, when Emperor Heraclius (AD 575 - 641) decided to make Greek the empire's official language. Certainly from then on, but likely earlier, the Roman and Greek cultures were virtually fused into a single Greco-Roman world. Although the Latin West recognized the Eastern Empire's claim to the Roman legacy for several centuries, after Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the "Roman Emperor" on 25 December 800, an act which eventually led to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire, the Latin West started to favour the Franks and began to refer to the Eastern Roman Empire largely as the Empire of the Greeks (Imperium Graecorum).

When did the Byzantine Kingdom come under the impact of the Greeks.

influenced by Greek culture after the 7th century,

Who ruled Rome during this time period ?

Emperor Heraclius (AD 575 - 641)

What decision did he make that influenced the culture in an attempt to make things more homogeneous ?

decided to make Greek the empire's official language.

What made the Eastern Empire be known as the Imperium Graecorum ?

Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the "Roman Emperor"

Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of well know verbal language ?

the Latin West started to favour the Franks

When did the Byzantine Kingdom not come under the impact of the Greeks?

I'm not sure.

Who didn't rule Rome during this time period?

I'm not sure.

What decision did he make that influenced the culture in an attempt to make things less homogeneous?

I'm not sure.

What made the Eastern Empire be known as the non-Imperium Graecorum?

I'm not sure.

Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of not well known verbal language?

I'm not sure.


A distinct Greek political identity re-emerged in the 11th century in educated circles and became more forceful after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, so that when the empire was revived in 1261, it became in many ways a Greek national state. That new notion of nationhood engendered a deep interest in the classical past culminating in the ideas of the Neoplatonist philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity. However, it was the combination of Orthodox Christianity with a specifically Greek identity that shaped the Greeks' notion of themselves in the empire's twilight years. The interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity, which was reinforced in the late Medieval and Ottoman Greeks' links with their fellow Orthodox Christians in the Russian Empire. These were further strengthened following the fall of the Empire of Trebizond in 1461, after which and until the second Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29 hundreds of thousands of Pontic Greeks fled or migrated from the Pontic Alps and Armenian Highlands to southern Russia and the Russian South Caucasus (see also Greeks in Russia, Greeks in Armenia, Greeks in Georgia, and Caucasian Greeks).

What caused the resurface of the Grecian monotony in politics ?

the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204

When did the nation reestablish itself ?

empire was revived in 1261

What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is famous for ?

philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity.

What was bolstered by the the final downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond ?

interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity

Which factoring war was on gong in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle ? ?

second Russo-Turkish War

What caused the unsurface of the Grecian monotony in politics?

I'm not sure.

When did the nation not reestablish itself?

I'm not sure.

What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is it not famous for?

I'm not sure.

What was bolstered by the the first downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond?

I'm not sure.

Which factoring war wasn't ongoing in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle?

I'm not sure.


Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia. Greeks are greatly credited for the European cultural revolution, later called, the Renaissance. In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople. As a direct consequence of this situation, Greek-speakers came to play a hugely important role in the Ottoman trading and diplomatic establishment, as well as in the church. Added to this, in the first half of the Ottoman period men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy, and state bureaucracy, having been levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme. Many Ottomans of Greek (or Albanian or Serb) origin were therefore to be found within the Ottoman forces which governed the provinces, from Ottoman Egypt, to Ottomans occupied Yemen and Algeria, frequently as provincial governors.

When did the emperor Constantine  lose rule over in 1453 ?

Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453

What did the populace do in response to the loss ?

many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West

What type of position did Greeks come to hold in the Ottoman Empire ?

in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia

Who made up the majority of soldiers in the Ottoman Empire ?

men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy

What type of work were must young boys antiquated with in the Ottoman Empire ?

levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme.

When did the emperor Constantine lose rule over in 1483?

I'm not sure.

What did the populace do in response to the win?

I'm not sure.

What type of position did Greeks come to hold in the non-Ottoman Empire?

I'm not sure.

Who made up the majority of soldiers in the non-Ottoman Empire?

I'm not sure.

What type of work were must young boys non-antiquated with in the Ottoman Empire

I'm not sure.


For those that remained under the Ottoman Empire's millet system, religion was the defining characteristic of national groups (milletler), so the exonym "Greeks" (Rumlar from the name Rhomaioi) was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin. The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi, (as opposed to being so named by others) and, at least those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic. There were, however, many Greeks who escaped the second-class status of Christians inherent in the Ottoman millet system, according to which Muslims were explicitly awarded senior status and preferential treatment. These Greeks either emigrated, particularly to their fellow Greek Orthodox protector, the Russian Empire, or simply converted to Islam, often only very superficially and whilst remaining crypto-Christian. The most notable examples of large-scale conversion to Turkish Islam among those today defined as Greek Muslims - excluding those who had to convert as a matter of course on being recruited through the devshirme - were to be found in Crete (Cretan Turks), Greek Macedonia (for example among the Vallahades of western Macedonia), and among Pontic Greeks in the Pontic Alps and Armenian Highlands. Several Ottoman sultans and princes were also of part Greek origin, with mothers who were either Greek concubines or princesses from Byzantine noble families, one famous example being sultan Selim the Grim, whose mother Gülbahar Hatun was a Pontic Greek.

How were the population factions of the Ottoman Empire classified ?

religion was the defining characteristic of national groups

What did it mean to be classified as a Greek by the millet command ?

was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin.

What moniker did the Greeks grant themselves for distinction ?

The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi

What did the literate segment of Greeks consider to be a part of their ethic lines ?

those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic

Were Christian prized among the Ottomans ?

second-class status of Christians inherent in the Ottoman millet system

How weren't the population factions of the Ottoman Empire classified

I'm not sure.

What did it mean to not be classified as a Greek by the millet command ?

I'm not sure.

What moniker did the Greeks grant themselves for distinction?

I'm not sure.

What did the literate segment of Greeks consider not to be a part of their ethic lines ?

I'm not sure.

Were Christian prized among the non-Ottomans

I'm not sure.


The roots of Greek success in the Ottoman Empire can be traced to the Greek tradition of education and commerce. It was the wealth of the extensive merchant class that provided the material basis for the intellectual revival that was the prominent feature of Greek life in the half century and more leading to the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821. Not coincidentally, on the eve of 1821, the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce. Greek success was also favoured by Greek domination of the Christian Orthodox church.

What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that was a superb benefit ?

the Greek tradition of education and commerce

Who held much of the wealth in the Greek society ?

the wealth of the extensive merchant class

What three cities were imperative for the scholarly and economic exchanges ?

the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce

What other area fields were overshadowed by Greek influence ?

Greek domination of the Christian Orthodox church.

What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that wasn't a superb benefit ?

I'm not sure.

Who held none of the wealth in the Greek society?

I'm not sure.

What three cities were not imperative for the scholarly and economic exchanges

I'm not sure.

What other area fields were not overshadowed by Greek influence?

I'm not sure.


The relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1840. A century later, when the Treaty of Lausanne was signed between Greece and Turkey in 1923, the two countries agreed to use religion as the determinant for ethnic identity for the purposes of population exchange, although most of the Greeks displaced (over a million of the total 1.5 million) had already been driven out by the time the agreement was signed.[note 1] The Greek genocide, in particular the harsh removal of Pontian Greeks from the southern shore area of the Black Sea, contemporaneous with and following the failed Greek Asia Minor Campaign, was part of this process of Turkification of the Ottoman Empire and the placement of its economy and trade, then largely in Greek hands under ethnic Turkish control.

When was the Greece that we know today officially formed ?

creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830

When was the original Grecian constitution formed ?

first Greek constitution of 1822

How did the original  Constitution identify its society members ?

a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece

Is this identifying factor for official citizens of Greece still in effect today ?

clause removed by 1840

What factor was used to expel or include citizens in the  Lausanne Treaty ?

agreed to use religion as the determinant for ethnic identity for the purposes of population exchange

When was the Greece that we know today unofficially formed?

I'm not sure.

When was the original Grecian constitution not formed?

I'm not sure.

How did the original Constitution not identify its society members?

I'm not sure.

Who removed this clause?

I'm not sure.

What factor was used to expel or include citizens outside of the Lausanne Treaty?

I'm not sure.


The terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state. By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek. Byzantine Greeks called themselves Romioi and considered themselves the political heirs of Rome, but at least by the 12th century a growing number of those educated, deemed themselves the heirs of ancient Greece as well, although for most of the Greek speakers, "Hellene" still meant pagan. On the eve of the Fall of Constantinople the Last Emperor urged his soldiers to remember that they were the descendants of Greeks and Romans.

What do Westerners believe it means to belong to the Greek heritage ?

Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek.

What do the Grecian Romioi  descendants of the Constantine rule  believe to be true in regards to the status as beneficiaries ?

considered themselves the political heirs of Rome

What other cultures do the Romioi  clam to be their birthright ?

deemed themselves the heirs of ancient Greece as well

What is an alternative word used by Greeks to mean those who worship and alternative religion to the mainstreams ?

Hellene" still meant pagan

What do Easterners believe it means to belong to the Greek heritage

I'm not sure.

What do the Grecian Romioi descendants of the Constantine rule believe to be false in regards to the status as beneficiaries

I'm not sure.

What other cultures do the Romioi clam to not be their birthright

I'm not sure.

What is an alternative word used by Greeks to mean those who don't worship and alternative religion to the mainstreams

I'm not sure.


Before the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his "Political Constitution", he addresses to the nation as "the people descendant of the Greeks". The modern Greek state was created in 1829, when the Greeks liberated a part of their historic homelands, Peloponnese, from the Ottoman Empire. The large Greek diaspora and merchant class were instrumental in transmitting the ideas of western romantic nationalism and philhellenism, which together with the conception of Hellenism, formulated during the last centuries of the Byzantine Empire, formed the basis of the Diafotismos and the current conception of Hellenism.

From what era is the Rigas Feraios believed to be a part of ?

Greek Enlightenment

When was the Greek state of modern times birthed into exsistence ?

The modern Greek state was created in 1829,

What did Greeks do that caused  the formation of the new state ?

the Greeks liberated a part of their historic homelands, Peloponnese, from the Ottoman Empire

What foundation was laid that is the demographics of Modern Greek Enlightenment Era ?

instrumental in transmitting the ideas of western romantic nationalism and philhellenism, which together with the conception of Hellenism,

From what era is the Rigas Feraios believed to not be a part of?

I'm not sure.

When was the Greek state of modern times dead to exsistence?

I'm not sure.

What did Greeks do that caused the formation of the old state?

I'm not sure.

What foundation was laid that is the demographics of Modern Irish Enlightenment Era

I'm not sure.


Homer refers to the "Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Greek mythology, Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes, was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge. It seems that the myth was invented when the Greek tribes started to separate from each other in certain areas of Greece and it indicates their common origin. Aristotle names ancient Hellas as an area in Epirus between Dodona and the Achelous river, the location of the great deluge of Deucalion, a land occupied by the Selloi and the "Greeks" who later came to be known as "Hellenes". Selloi were the priests of Dodonian Zeus and the word probably means "sacrificers" (compare Gothic saljan, "present, sacrifice"). There is currently no satisfactory etymology of the name Hellenes. Some scholars assert that the name Selloi changed to Sellanes and then to Hellanes-Hellenes. However this etymology connects the name Hellenes with the Dorians who occupied Epirus and the relation with the name Greeks given by the Romans becomes uncertain. The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League. This was an ancient association of Greek tribes with twelve founders which was organized to protect the great temples of Apollo in Delphi (Phocis) and of Demeter near Thermopylae (Locris). According to the legend it was founded after the Trojan War by the eponymous Amphictyon, brother of Hellen.

What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a infamous philosopher from Greek ?

Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia,

Who is this small group named for ?

Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes

From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor ascend from ?

was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge.

Is the name more ancient than other group names in the area ?

The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League.

How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Amphictyonic League ?

with twelve founders

What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a very famous philosopher from Greek?

I'm not sure.

Who is this small group not named for?

I'm not sure.

From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor descend from

I'm not sure.

How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Emphictyonic League

I'm not sure.


In the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes. Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia, the previously called Graikoi were named Hellenes. Aristotle notes that the Hellenes were related with Grai/Greeks (Meteorologica I.xiv) a native name of a Dorian tribe in Epirus which was used by the Illyrians. He also claims that the great deluge must have occurred in the region around Dodona, where the Selloi dwelt. However, according to the Greek tradition it is more possible that the homeland of the Greeks was originally in central Greece. A modern theory derives the name Greek (Latin Graeci) from Graikos, "inhabitant of Graia/Graea," a town on the coast of Boeotia. Greek colonists from Graia helped to found Cumae (900 BC) in Italy, where they were called Graeces. When the Romans encountered them they used this name for the colonists and then for all Greeks (Graeci.) The word γραῖα graia "old woman" comes from the PIE root *ǵerh2-/*ǵreh2-, "to grow old" via Proto-Greek *gera-/grau-iu; the same root later gave γέρας geras (/keras/), "gift of honour" in Mycenean Greek. The Germanic languages borrowed the word Greeks with an initial "k" sound which probably was their initial sound closest to the Latin "g" at the time (Goth. Kreks). The area out of ancient Attica including Boeotia was called Graïke and is connected with the older deluge of Ogyges, the mythological ruler of Boeotia. The region was originally occupied by the Minyans who were autochthonous or Proto-Greek speaking people. In ancient Greek the name Ogygios came to mean "from earliest days".

what does the author of the mortal female focused early example hexameter poetry say of the Hellenic protector ?

Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece.

What caused a name change according to the Chronicles of Parian ?

the previously called Graikoi were named Hellenes.

Where do modern theorist believe the name of Greek originated from ?

A modern theory derives the name Greek (Latin Graeci) from Graikos, "inhabitant of Graia/Graea," a town on the coast of Boeotia.

What  is the origins of the term "old woman " ?

word γραῖα graia "old woman" comes from the PIE root *ǵerh2-/*ǵreh2-, "to grow old" via Proto-Greek *gera-/grau-iu

what does the author of the mortal female focused late example hexameter poetry say of the Hellenic protector?

I'm not sure.

What didn't cause a name change according to the Chronicles of Parian

I'm not sure.

Where do ancient theorist believe the name of Greek originated from

I'm not sure.

What is the origins of the term "old man "?

I'm not sure.


Homer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans (Δαναοί) as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad, and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Achaea after the Dorian invasion. In the 5th century BC, they were redefined as contemporary speakers of Aeolic Greek which was spoken mainly in Thessaly, Boeotia and Lesbos. There are many controversial theories on the origin of the Achaeans. According to one view, the Achaeans were one of the fair-headed tribes of upper Europe, who pressed down over the Alps during the early Iron age (1300 BC) to southern Europe. Another theory suggests that the Peloponnesian Dorians were the Achaeans. These theories are rejected by other scholars who, based on linguistic criteria, suggest that the Achaeans were mainland pre-Dorian Greeks. There is also the theory that there was an Achaean ethnos that migrated from Asia minor to lower Thessaly prior to 2000 BC. Some Hittite texts mention a nation lying to the west called Ahhiyava or Ahhiya. Egyptian documents refer to Ekwesh, one of the groups of sea peoples who attached Egypt during the reign of Merneptah (1213-1203 BCE), who may have been Achaeans.

What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his poems for Greeks ?

Achaeans and Danaans

What is believed to be the derivative of these names ?

pre-Dorian

What was redefined in the 5th century about the people of these names?

redefined as contemporary speakers of Aeolic Greek

Where was this origin of this redefinition ?

spoken mainly in Thessaly, Boeotia and Lesbos

What was the age in 1300 BC named ?

early Iron age

What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his songs for Greeks?

I'm not sure.

What is believed to not be the derivative of these names?

I'm not sure.

What was redefined in the 4th century about the people of these names?

I'm not sure.

What was the age in 1400 BC named?

I'm not sure.


In Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom. This myth is connected with a task that can never be fulfilled (Sisyphos) and the name can be derived from the PIE root *danu: "river". There is not any satisfactory theory on their origin. Some scholars connect Danaans with the Denyen, one of the groups of the sea peoples who attacked Egypt during the reign of Ramesses III (1187-1156 BCE). The same inscription mentions the Weshesh who might have been the Achaeans. The Denyen seem to have been inhabitants of the city Adana in Cilicia. Pottery similar to that of Mycenae itself has been found in Tarsus of Cilicia and it seems that some refugees from the Aegean went there after the collapse of the Mycenean civilization. These Cilicians seem to have been called Dananiyim, the same word as Danaoi who attacked Egypt in 1191 BC along with the Quaouash (or Weshesh) who may be Achaeans. They were also called Danuna according to a Hittite inscription and the same name is mentioned in the Amarna letters. Julius Pokorny reconstructs the name from the PIE root da:-: "flow, river", da:-nu: "any moving liquid, drops", da: navo "people living by the river, Skyth. nomadic people (in Rigveda water-demons, fem.Da:nu primordial goddess), in Greek Danaoi, Egypt. Danuna". It is also possible that the name Danaans is pre-Greek. A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt from Amenophis III (1390-1352 BC), Thutmosis III (1437 BC).

In Homer's poems who were the Greeks at odds with ?

Trojans

From where did the basis of the Argos tales originate ?

Egypt

What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?

His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom

What community did the Denyen live in ?

Denyen

What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 BC ?

A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt

In Homer's poems who were the Greeks not at odds with?

I'm not sure.

From where did the basis of the Argos tales not originate?

I'm not sure.

What did the male descendants of Argos have to accomplish?

I'm not sure.

What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 AD?

I'm not sure.


The most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to Chinese alone. Since its inception, Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture and the national continuity of the Greek world is a lot more certain than its demographic. Yet, Hellenism also embodied an ancestral dimension through aspects of Athenian literature that developed and influenced ideas of descent based on autochthony. During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire, areas such as Ionia and Constantinople experienced a Hellenic revival in language, philosophy, and literature and on classical models of thought and scholarship. This revival provided a powerful impetus to the sense of cultural affinity with ancient Greece and its classical heritage. The cultural changes undergone by the Greeks are, despite a surviving common sense of ethnicity, undeniable. At the same time, the Greeks have retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion, (the word barbarian was used by 12th-century historian Anna Komnene to describe non-Greek speakers), a sense of Greek identity and common sense of ethnicity despite the global political and social changes of the past two millennia.

What is the easiest connection between the Greeks of old and those of today ?

most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language

How log did the age of darkness last for the Greeks ?

Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC)

Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Greeks ?

continuity of tradition to Chinese alone

When did most of the Eastward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations ?

During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire

What aspects of the Greek culture have remained steadfast throughout the years ?

retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion

What is the most difficult connection between the Greeks of old and those of today?

I'm not sure.

How log did the age of lightness last for the Greeks?

I'm not sure.

Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Irish?

I'm not sure.

When did most of the Westward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations?

I'm not sure.


Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828. A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens

In the Rupublic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace do they represent ?

Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population

What's the estimated populace of Greeks on the isle of Cyprus ?

Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population

Are Greeks in danger of contributing vastly to the problem of population control ?

Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth

Is the Greek populace on a whole increasing or decreasing in numbers ?

Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828.

Where there any significances that contributed to the increase or decrease in population numbers ?

influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.

In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent?

I'm not sure.

What's the estimated populace of Irish on the isle of Cyprus?

I'm not sure.

How has the population decreased since 1828?

I'm not sure.

How has the population decreased since 1829?

I'm not sure.


Greeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigration, war losses, and a temporary decline in fertility. After the ethnic cleansing of a third of the Greek population of the island in 1974, there was also an increase in the number of Greek Cypriots leaving, especially for the Middle East, which contributed to a decrease in population that tapered off in the 1990s. Today more than two-thirds of the Greek population in Cyprus is urban.

Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles a part of

British Empire

Who was living on with the Greeks in Cyprus s 1974 ?

Turkish

Whee these new inhabitants welcomed ?

Turkish invasion of Cyprus

During the early seventies where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go ?

the Middle East

Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles not a part of?

I'm not sure.

Who was living on with the Irish in Cyprus in 1974?

I'm not sure.

Who invaded Turkey?

I'm not sure.

During the early eighties where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go

I'm not sure.


There is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination. This effectively ended, though not entirely, the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor. There are smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states, remnants of the Old Greek Diaspora (pre-19th century).

What other countries boast of a Greek populace ?

105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey

What acts have caused the population of Greeks to be numbered so few in the country who name is reminiscent of a big American holiday?

1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.

How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Asia ?

the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor

Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the dark sea in any majority of numbers?

smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states,

What other countries don't boast of a Greek populace?

I'm not sure.

What year was the Constantine Progom?

I'm not sure.

What happened in 1956?

I'm not sure.

How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Africa?

I'm not sure.

Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the light sea in any majority of numbers?

I'm not sure.


The total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. According to George Prevelakis of Sorbonne University, the number is closer to just below 5 million. Integration, intermarriage, and loss of the Greek language influence the self-identification of the Omogeneia. Important centres of the New Greek Diaspora today are London, New York, Melbourne and Toronto. In 2010, the Hellenic Parliament introduced a law that enables Diaspora Greeks in Greece to vote in the elections of the Greek state. This law was later repealed in early 2014.

How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Greece ?

total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue

Who provided the contradictory  population numbers for Greeks abroad ?

World Council of Hellenes Abroad

How many Greeks do they believe would be an accurate number for census numbers ?

World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide

At what university is this issue of accurate consensus for Greeks living elsewhere being debated an

Sorbonne University

Who has presented the contradictory number to the census groups ?

George Prevelakis of Sorbonne University, the number is closer to just below 5 million

How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Italy?

I'm not sure.

Who provided the contradictory population numbers for Irish abroad?

I'm not sure.

How many Greeks do they believe would be an inaccurate number for census numbers?

I'm not sure.

Who has presented the contradictory number to the non-census groups ?

I'm not sure.


In ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts. Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt. The Hellenistic period is characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization that established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. Under the Roman Empire, easier movement of people spread Greeks across the Empire and in the eastern territories, Greek became the lingua franca rather than Latin. The modern-day Griko community of southern Italy, numbering about 60,000, may represent a living remnant of the ancient Greek populations of Italy.

What helped to advance the Greek way of life beyond its boarders ?

the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language

What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the Greek way of life ?

Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.

How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern Africa ?

Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.

What period marked the expansion of Greek thinking and expression ?

The Hellenistic period

What helped to advance the Greek way of life inside its boarders?

I'm not sure.

What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the French way of life?

I'm not sure.

How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern America?

I'm not sure.

What period didn't mark the expansion of Greek thinking and expression?

I'm not sure.


During and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool) from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain. Businesses frequently comprised the extended family, and with them they brought schools teaching Greek and the Greek Orthodox Church.

After freedom was won by the Greeks who was of import to forming the rules  ?

Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state

What did they do that contributed to the Greek's success of establishment?

important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad

Who already had contact over a network of countries ready to offer assistance to the Greeks ?

Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries

What countries did they settle in ?

Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool)

How were these relationships with the other countries most likely established ?

from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain.

Before freedom was won by the Greeks who was of import to forming the rules?

I'm not sure.

What did they do that contributed to the French's success of establishment?

I'm not sure.

Who already had contact over a network of countries ready to offer assistance to the French?

I'm not sure.

What countries did they not settle in?

I'm not sure.


Greek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through several centuries of adversity that culminated in genocide in the 20th century but nevertheless included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures. The Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture and giving birth to the synthesis of ancient and medieval elements that characterize it today.

What is considered the start of the Grecian cultural world ?

beginning in the Mycenaean civilization

Which devotion of time was heavily influenced by the religious followers of the  Son of God ?

the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity

In what centennial was the massacre of the Greeks of Ottoman descent ?

genocide in the 20th century

Was there anything good that could be found from the divergence into exchange ?

included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures.

Who was given the merit for the reemergence of the Greek way of life ?

Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture

What is considered the end of the Grecian cultural world?

I'm not sure.

Which devotion of time wa didn't heavily influence by the religious followers of the Son of God?

I'm not sure.

In what centennial was the massacre of the French of Ottoman descent?

I'm not sure.

Was there anything good that could not be found from the divergence into exchange?

I'm not sure.

Who was given the merit for the reemergence of the french way of life ?

I'm not sure.


Greek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin. Because of the movements of Philhellenism and the Diafotismos in the 19th century, which emphasized the modern Greeks' ancient heritage, these foreign influences were excluded from official use via the creation of Katharevousa, a somewhat artificial form of Greek purged of all foreign influence and words, as the official language of the Greek state. In 1976, however, the Hellenic Parliament voted to make the spoken Dimotiki the official language, making Katharevousa obsolete.

What other dialects share a thread with the Greek language.

other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund),

What radical political changes occurred during the 19th century ?

the movements of Philhellenism and the Diafotismos in the 19th century

What did these changes highlight ?

emphasized the modern Greeks' ancient heritage

What became the official dialect of Greeks and what was it missing ?

Katharevousa, a somewhat artificial form of Greek purged of all foreign influence and words, as the official language of the Greek state.

What choices in 1976 made a change to the decisions concerning the official dialect ?

In 1976, however, the Hellenic Parliament voted to make the spoken Dimotiki the official language

What other dialects share a thread with the French language?

I'm not sure.

What non-radical political changes occurred during the 19th century?

I'm not sure.

What did these changes not highlight?

I'm not sure.

What became the official dialect of Greeks and what was it not missing?

I'm not sure.


Modern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, and survives in small communities in Greece, New York and Israel. In addition to Greek, many Greeks in Greece and the Diaspora are bilingual in other languages or dialects such as English, Arvanitika/Albanian, Aromanian, Macedonian Slavic, Russian and Turkish.

What is different about the use of Greek language today as opposed to the language of the past ?

Modern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects

What are some of the local jargon used in Greek speaking?

wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian

What language still survives as the representation of the one of the three religious orders of historic Greece ?

Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek)

What ancient language is still in use today in some of the minuscule societies in the Grecian world ?

Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, and survives in small communities in Greece, New York and Israel.

Do the people of Greek ascendancy only speak Grecian languages ?

bilingual in other languages or dialects such as English, Arvanitika/Albanian, Aromanian, Macedonian Slavic, Russian and Turkish.

What is different about the use of Greek language today as opposed to the language of the future?

I'm not sure.

What are some of the non-local jargon used in Greek speaking?

I'm not sure.

What language still survives as the representation of the one of the four religious orders of historic Greece?

I'm not sure.

What ancient language is still in use today in some of the minuscule societies in the non-Grecian world?

I'm not sure.

Do the people of French ascendancy only speak Grecian languages?

I'm not sure.


Most Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-speaking. There are small groups of ethnic Greeks adhering to other Christian denominations like Greek Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims. About 2,000 Greeks are members of Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism congregations.

What is the religion of the Greek majority ?

Christians

What denominational variance do they adhere to for the most part ?

belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church

What language was the second half of the Bible originally written in ?

the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek

This language is the official dialect of worship for the traditional sect for church worshipers of Greece ?

Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church

What other varieties of Christianity can be found among the Grecian people ?

Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims.

What is the religion of the Greek minority?

I'm not sure.

What denominational variance do they not adhere to for the most part ?

I'm not sure.

What language was the second half of the Bible not written in?

I'm not sure.

This language is the official dialect of worship for the traditional sect for church worshipers of France?

I'm not sure.


Greek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists. Well into the 19th century, the classical tradition derived from Greece played an important role in the art of the western world. In the East, Alexander the Great's conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures, resulting in Greco-Buddhist art, whose influence reached as far as Japan.

What input did the Greeks have on artistry of the world ?

visual, literary and performing arts.

What period in Europe was full of an appreciation for earlier cultures ?

the Renaissance in Europe

What important heritage of art  from Greece was celebrated during this time ?

the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists.

What enacted the transactions of customs and ways of life for the people of the Asian continent and the Grecian people ?

In the East, Alexander the Great's conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures

In the Land of the Rising Sun, what influence was of Greek descent ?

Greco-Buddhist art, whose influence reached as far as Japan.

What input did the French have on artistry of the world?

I'm not sure.

What period in Asia was full of an appreciation for earlier cultures?

I'm not sure.

What important heritage of art from France was celebrated during this time?

I'm not sure.

What enacted the transactions of customs and ways of life for the people of the Asian continent and the French people

I'm not sure.

In the Land of the Rising Sun, what influence was of non-Greek descent ?

I'm not sure.


Notable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Nikiphoros Lytras, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Joannis Avramidis, conductor Dimitri Mitropoulos, soprano Maria Callas, composers such as Mikis Theodorakis, Nikos Skalkottas, Iannis Xenakis, Manos Hatzidakis, Eleni Karaindrou, Yanni and Vangelis, one of the best-selling singers worldwide Nana Mouskouri and poets such as Kostis Palamas, Dionysios Solomos, Angelos Sikelianos and Yannis Ritsos. Alexandrian Constantine P. Cavafy and Nobel laureates Giorgos Seferis and Odysseas Elytis are among the most important poets of the 20th century. Novel is also represented by Alexandros Papadiamantis and Nikos Kazantzakis.

Who was one of the old masters from the Greeks ?

Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Do

Who was one the most well known modern decorative modelers of the Greeks ?

sculptors such as Leonidas Drosis, Georgios Bonanos, Yannoulis Chalepas and Joannis Avramidis

Who sang in a voice that is in the high octave range from the Modern Greek Era ?

soprano Maria Callas

Name one of the poetic authors who was also nominated for the Nobel Peace Award from the Greeks ?

Nobel laureates Giorgos Seferis and Odysseas Elytis are among the most important poets of the 20th century.

Who was one of the old masters from the French?

I'm not sure.

Who was one the most well known modern decorative modelers of the French?

I'm not sure.

Who sang in a voice that is in the low octave range from the Modern Greek Era?

I'm not sure.

Name one of the poetic authors who was never nominated for the Nobel Peace Award from the Greeks

I'm not sure.


The Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic institutions in Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria and other centres of Greek learning while Eastern Roman science was essentially a continuation of classical science. Greeks have a long tradition of valuing and investing in paideia (education). Paideia was one of the highest societal values in the Greek and Hellenistic world while the first European institution described as a university was founded in 5th century Constantinople and operated in various incarnations until the city's fall to the Ottomans in 1453. The University of Constantinople was Christian Europe's first secular institution of higher learning since no theological subjects were taught, and considering the original meaning of the world university as a corporation of students, the world’s first university as well.

What contribution to the scientific community have the Greeks left the world ?

science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics

What school practices were kept by the Roman world after the fall of Greece ?

scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic institutions

What has been maintained by the Greeks throughout their extended history ?

Greeks have a long tradition of valuing and investing in paideia (education

What is one the most elevated values among the Grecian society ?

Paideia was one of the highest societal values in the Greek and Hellenistic world

At what location did education begin for the first set of people to be eligible to earn and advanced degree in a particular subject ?

first European institution described as a university was founded in 5th century Constantinople and operated in various incarnations

What contribution to the scientific community have the French left the world?

I'm not sure.

What school practices were kept by the French world after the fall of Greece?

I'm not sure.

What has been not maintained by the Greeks throughout their extended history

I'm not sure.

What is one the least elevated values among the Grecian society?

I'm not sure.


As of 2007, Greece had the eighth highest percentage of tertiary enrollment in the world (with the percentages for female students being higher than for male) while Greeks of the Diaspora are equally active in the field of education. Hundreds of thousands of Greek students attend western universities every year while the faculty lists of leading Western universities contain a striking number of Greek names. Notable modern Greek scientists of modern times include Dimitrios Galanos, Georgios Papanikolaou (inventor of the Pap test), Nicholas Negroponte, Constantin Carathéodory, Manolis Andronikos, Michael Dertouzos, John Argyris, Panagiotis Kondylis, John Iliopoulos (2007 Dirac Prize for his contributions on the physics of the charm quark, a major contribution to the birth of the Standard Model, the modern theory of Elementary Particles), Joseph Sifakis (2007 Turing Award, the "Nobel Prize" of Computer Science), Christos Papadimitriou (2002 Knuth Prize, 2012 Gödel Prize), Mihalis Yannakakis (2005 Knuth Prize) and Dimitri Nanopoulos.

According to recent research who is enrolled in the Universities in Greece in higher number men or women ?

the percentages for female students being higher than for male

Do those who from Greek descent desire an education from other parts of the world ?

Hundreds of thousands of Greek students attend western universities every year

Are university  educators from he Greek world working as professors and teachers  in other countries ?

the faculty lists of leading Western universities contain a striking number of Greek names

Who made significant addition to a charming little quirky  scientific deviant that lead to the winning of a prestigious award of recognition and gave birth to a model ?

John Iliopoulos (2007 Dirac Prize for his contributions on the physics of the charm quark, a major contribution to the birth of the Standard Model,

According to recent research who is enrolled in the Universities in France in higher number men or women?

I'm not sure.

Do those who from France descent desire an education from other parts of the world?

I'm not sure.

Who made an insignificant addition to a charming little quirky scientific deviant that lead to the winning of a prestigious award of recognition and gave birth to a model

I'm not sure.


The most widely used symbol is the flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white representing the nine syllables of the Greek national motto Eleftheria i thanatos (freedom or death), which was the motto of the Greek War of Independence. The blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy. The Greek flag is widely used by the Greek Cypriots, although Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag to ease ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority – see flag of Cyprus).

What are the representations of the Greek reference freedom or death that are held on a cloth symbol of the nation ?

flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white

This reference also holds significance as what the the Grecian people ?

motto of the Greek War of Independence

Is religion also represented on this cloth symbol of the Greek?

bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy

Have the people of Turkey held any feeling towards the cloth symbol of the Greeks ?

ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority

Have the people of Greece done anything to make the matter more palatable for the people of Turkey ?

Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag

What aren't the representations of the Greek reference freedom or death that are held on a cloth symbol of the nation?

I'm not sure.

This reference also holds insignificance as what the the Grecian people?

I'm not sure.

Is religion also represented on this cloth symbol of the French?

I'm not sure.

Have the people of Greece done anything to make the matter more palatable for the people of Asia?

I'm not sure.


Greek surnames were widely in use by the 9th century supplanting the ancient tradition of using the father’s name, however Greek surnames are most commonly patronymics. Commonly, Greek male surnames end in -s, which is the common ending for Greek masculine proper nouns in the nominative case. Exceptionally, some end in -ou, indicating the genitive case of this proper noun for patronymic reasons. Although surnames in mainland Greece are static today, dynamic and changing patronymic usage survives in middle names where the genitive of father's first name is commonly the middle name (this usage having been passed on to the Russians). In Cyprus, by contrast, surnames follow the ancient tradition of being given according to the father’s name. Finally, in addition to Greek-derived surnames many have Latin, Turkish and Italian origin.

What names are used that are typically from  a father and have usually added a suffix or prefix ?

Greek surnames are most commonly patronymics

What letter of the alphabet do most of the last names the men of Greecs end with ?

Greek male surnames end in -s, which is the common ending

What other beginnings of origination do some of the last names of the Greeks share ?

many have Latin, Turkish and Italian origin.

What does it mean to have the letters OU added to the ending of a males last name ?

some end in -ou, indicating the genitive case of this proper noun for patronymic reasons.

What names are used that are typically from a mother and have usually added a suffix or prefix?

I'm not sure.

What letter of the alphabet do most of the last names the men of France end with?

I'm not sure.

What other beginnings of origination do some of the last names of the French share?

I'm not sure.

What does it mean to have the letters OU added to the ending of a females last name?

I'm not sure.


The traditional Greek homelands have been the Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily. In Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond" when describing to his friends the Greek cities of the Aegean. This image is attested by the map of the Old Greek Diaspora, which corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 1832. The sea and trade were natural outlets for Greeks since the Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture.

What are considered to be the motherland of the Greeks ?

Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily

What statement of note was given by a great philosopher from Greece written by another great philosopher ?

Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond

What is the name of the ancient map of the Greek world  named  ?

map of the Old Greek Diaspora

When did changes of this ancient map become notable ?

corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 183

Are there many product available from farm cultivation on the Greek lands ?

Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture

What are considered to be the motherland of the French?

I'm not sure.

What statement of note was given by a great philosopher from France written by another great philosopher?

I'm not sure.

What is the name of the ancient map of the French world named?

I'm not sure.

When did changes of this ancient map not become notable?

I'm not sure.

Are there many product available from farm cultivation on the French lands?

I'm not sure.


Notable Greek seafarers include people such as Pytheas of Marseilles, Scylax of Caryanda who sailed to Iberia and beyond, Nearchus, the 6th century merchant and later monk Cosmas Indicopleustes (Cosmas who sailed to India) and the explorer of the Northwestern passage Juan de Fuca. In later times, the Romioi plied the sea-lanes of the Mediterranean and controlled trade until an embargo imposed by the Roman Emperor on trade with the Caliphate opened the door for the later Italian pre-eminence in trade.

Who was the well known sea vessel captain of the Greeks who sailed to Asia  ?

Cosmas Indicopleustes (Cosmas who sailed to India)

What else is this particular captain known for doing ?

the explorer of the Northwestern passage Juan de Fuca

What did Greeks do that caused a later deal to be made with the Italians ?

plied the sea-lanes of the Mediterranean and controlled trade

Who proposed that change was needed in the way business with the Greeks was to be conducted  ?

trade until an embargo imposed by the Roman Emperor on trade with the Caliphate

Who was the well known sea vessel captain of the Greeks who sailed to France?

I'm not sure.

What else is this particular captain known for not doing?

I'm not sure.

What did French do that caused a later deal to be made with the Italians?

I'm not sure.

Who proposed that change wasn't needed in the way business with the Greeks was to be conducted

I'm not sure.


The Greek shipping tradition recovered during Ottoman rule when a substantial merchant middle class developed, which played an important part in the Greek War of Independence. Today, Greek shipping continues to prosper to the extent that Greece has the largest merchant fleet in the world, while many more ships under Greek ownership fly flags of convenience. The most notable shipping magnate of the 20th century was Aristotle Onassis, others being Yiannis Latsis, George Livanos, and Stavros Niarchos.

What was brought about by the Ottomans that caused and uplift in the classes of Greek society ?

Greek shipping tradition recovered during Ottoman rule when a substantial merchant middle class developed

What did the development of these changes lead to for the Greeks under Ottoman rulers ?

Greek War of Independence

Is the seafaring business still of any relevancy to the Greek economy ?

Greek shipping continues to prosper to the extent that Greece has the largest merchant fleet in the world

What was the last husband of Jacquelyn Kennedy known for ?

most notable shipping magnate of the 20th century was Aristotle Onassis

What was brought about by the Ottomans that caused and uplift in the classes of French society

I'm not sure.

What did the development of these changes lead to for the French under Ottoman rulers?

I'm not sure.

Is the seafaring business still of any relevancy to the french economy?

I'm not sure.

What was the first husband of Jacquelyn Kennedy known for?

I'm not sure.


Another study from 2012 included 150 dental school students from University of Athens, the result showed that light hair colour (blonde/light ash brown) was predominant in 10.7% of the students. 36% had medium hair colour (Light brown/Medium darkest brown). 32% had darkest brown and 21% black (15.3 off black, 6% midnight black). In conclusion the hair colour of young Greeks are mostly brown, ranging from light to dark brown. with significant minorities having black and blonde hair. The same study also showed that the eye colour of the students was 14.6% blue/green, 28% medium (light brown) and 57.4% dark brown.

What dominant hair color is to believed to be prevalent among Greeks

conclusion the hair colour of young Greeks are mostly brown, ranging from light to dark brown

Which colors lay outside of the nor for those of Greek descent ?

significant minorities having black and blonde hair

What eye color is believed to be the norm among Greeks ?

57.4% dark brown

What eye color shows the least presence among those of Greek heritage ?

14.6% blue/green

What dominant hair color is not believed to be prevalent among Greeks

I'm not sure.

Which colors lay outside of the nor for those of French descent?

I'm not sure.

What eye color is not believed to be the norm among Greeks?

I'm not sure.

What eye color shows the most presence among those of Greek heritage

I'm not sure.


The history of the Greek people is closely associated with the history of Greece, Cyprus, Constantinople, Asia Minor and the Black Sea. During the Ottoman rule of Greece, a number of Greek enclaves around the Mediterranean were cut off from the core, notably in Southern Italy, the Caucasus, Syria and Egypt. By the early 20th century, over half of the overall Greek-speaking population was settled in Asia Minor (now Turkey), while later that century a huge wave of migration to the United States, Australia, Canada and elsewhere created the modern Greek diaspora.

During what period of domination were many Greeks unable to interact with it's central location ?

Ottoman rule of Greece

What location did many of the Greek people decide to live in other than Greece after the 19th century ?

Asia Minor (now Turkey)

What has lead to the current situation of vast dispersion of the Greek people ?

a huge wave of migration to the United States, Australia, Canada and elsewhere created the modern Greek diaspora.

After the 19th century about how much of the Greek population resided in little Asia ?

By the early 20th century, over half of the overall Greek-speaking population was settled in Asia Minor (now Turkey)

The anthology of the Greek world is intimately joined with what areas of the world ?

history of the Greek people is closely associated with the history of Greece, Cyprus, Constantinople, Asia Minor and the Black Sea.

During what period of domination were many Greeks able to interact with it's central location

I'm not sure.

What location did many of the Greek people decide to live in other than France after the 17th century?

I'm not sure.

What has lead to the current situation of vast dispersion of the French people?

I'm not sure.

After the 19th century about how much of the Greek population resided in little Africa?

I'm not sure.

The anthology of the Greek world is intimately did not join with what areas of the world?

I'm not sure.


The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to May. Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season. Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings. It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership. Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL).

How many club members are there?

The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders

How many matches does each team play?

Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season.

What days are most games played?

Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings

Who sponsors the Premier League?

It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership.

What name is the Premier League known as outside of the United Kingdom?

Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL).

How many member clubs are shareholders in the Premier League?

When do Premier League seasons run from?

August to May

How many matches do each team play?

Who sponsors the Premier League?

Barclays Bank

What is the Premier League commonly referred to outside the UK?

English Premier League

Teams play each other 3 times in which league?

I'm not sure.

In the Premier League, what do the 38 member clubs act as?

I'm not sure.

What runs from May to August?

I'm not sure.

What are mostly played on Sunday mornings?

I'm not sure.

Because it is sponsored by the shareholders, what is the league officially known as?

I'm not sure.


The competition formed as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992 following the decision of clubs in the Football League First Division to break away from the Football League, which was originally founded in 1888, and take advantage of a lucrative television rights deal. The deal was worth £1 billion a year domestically as of 2013–14, with BSkyB and BT Group securing the domestic rights to broadcast 116 and 38 games respectively. The league generates €2.2 billion per year in domestic and international television rights. In 2014/15, teams were apportioned revenues of £1.6 billion.

What date was the Premier League formed?

The competition formed as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992

How much was the deal worth?

The deal was worth £1 billion a year domestically as of 2013–14

Who secured the domestic rights to broadcast games 116 and 38 respectively?

BSkyB and BT Group securing the domestic rights to broadcast 116 and 38 games respectively.

How much revenue does the league generate in domestic and international television rights?

The league generates €2.2 billion per year in domestic and international television rights

In 2014/15, how much were the teams apportioned in revenues?

In 2014/15, teams were apportioned revenues of £1.6 billion.

When was the Premier League originally formed?

20 February 1992

When was the Football League originally founded?

How many games were secured to broadcast by BSkyB?

How many games were secured to broadcast by BT Group?

How much income does the Premier League generate per year in worldwide television rights?

€2.2 billion

Which club did the Football League decide to break away from?

I'm not sure.

In what year was the Football League First Division founded?

I'm not sure.

On which date was the Football Premier League formed?

I'm not sure.

As of 2013, how much has the league generated in domestic and international television rights?

I'm not sure.

How much revenue were teams given during 2013/14?

I'm not sure.


The Premier League is the most-watched football league in the world, broadcast in 212 territories to 643 million homes and a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people. In the 2014–15 season, the average Premier League match attendance exceeded 36,000, second highest of any professional football league behind the Bundesliga's 43,500. Most stadium occupancies are near capacity. The Premier League rank second in the UEFA coefficients of leagues based on performances in European competitions over the past five seasons.

Is the Premier League the most watched football league in the world?

The Premier League is the most-watched football league in the world,

How many territories is the Premier League broadcast to?

broadcast in 212 territories

What is the potential television audience of the Premier League?

a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people

What is the average game attendance for the league?

the average Premier League match attendance exceeded 36,000

What is the Premier League's UEFA co-efficients of leagues rank?

The Premier League rank second in the UEFA coefficients of leagues

To how many homes is the Premier League broadcast to?

643 million

What average attendance number was exceeded by the Premier League in the 2014-15 season?

Which league has the highest average attendance in professional football?

Bundesliga

To how many territories is the Premier League broadcast to?

What is the potential television audience of the Premier League?

4.7 billion

Which league is the least watched in the world?

I'm not sure.

Which league is the most watched football league in the United States?

I'm not sure.

The Premier League broadcasts in 643 territories to how many million homes?

I'm not sure.

The Premier League is broadcast in 212 million homes and how many territories?

I'm not sure.

What is the potential TV audience of the UEFA league?

I'm not sure.


Despite significant European success during the 1970s and early 1980s, the late '80s had marked a low point for English football. Stadiums were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife, and English clubs were banned from European competition for five years following the Heysel Stadium disaster in 1985. The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.

When was the low point for English football?

the late '80s had marked a low point for English football

Why was there a low point for English football?

Stadiums were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife

Why were the English clubs banned from European competition in the 1980's?

English clubs were banned from European competition for five years following the Heysel Stadium disaster in 1985.

Had the Football League First Division ever been in the top level?

The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888

In which year were English football clubs banned from competition in Europe?

How long were the clubs banned for?

five years

What did English players do after the ban?

moved abroad

When attendance dropped to the Football League First Division, what else decreased?

revenues

Because of European success, which decade marked a high point for English football?

I'm not sure.

Despite English success during the 70s and 80s, what did the 80's mean for European football?

I'm not sure.

In which decade was the high point for English football?

I'm not sure.

Why were English clubs asked to join the European competition for five years?

I'm not sure.

Since which year has the Football League First Division been the low level of English football?

I'm not sure.


However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.

When did the downward trend of the English Football start to turn around?

by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse

Was England successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup?

England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals.

Did the UEFA remove the 5 year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990?

UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990

What did the removal of the ban result in?

(resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991

Did the Taylor Report on stadiums safety standards propose expensive upgrades to stadiums?

proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster

In which year did English football's downward trend stop thanks to England making it to the FIFA World Cup semi-finals?

In which year was the English club ban lifted by UEFA?

In which year shortly thereafter did Manchester United win the UEFA Winners' Cup?

In which month was the Taylor Report published?

January

In which year was the Taylor Report published?

By the turn of which decade was the upward trend beginning to reverse?

I'm not sure.

In which FIFA World Cup was Europe successful?

I'm not sure.

In which year did the Premier League live the five year ban on English clubs?

I'm not sure.

Which ban was lifted in 1991?

I'm not sure.

In which year was the ninety year ban on English clubs lifted?

I'm not sure.